"This article presents the results of a European study on racism conducted inBrussels, London and Paris in the retail and public transport sectors. The resultsprovide evidence that there is not just persistent, direct racism, but also systematicindirect discrimination. The article analyses the main forms of racism at the workplacein labour relations and with customers. Finally, the author discusses thecollective conditions for combating racism, which in particular require us tochange our view of racism as an individual experience that prevents any feeling ofaccountability or collective action."

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