Documents racial discrimination 357 results

"The traditional Becker/Arrow style model of discrimination depicts majority and minority workers as perfectly substitutable inputs, implying that all workers have the same job assignment. The model is only appropriate for determining whether pay differences between, for example, whites and non-whites doing job assignment A are attributable to prejudice (‘within-assignment discrimination'). It is inappropriate, however, for determining whether pay differences between whites in job assignment A and non-whites in job assignment B reflect discriminatory behaviour (‘cross-assignment discrimination'). We test the model of such cross assignment discrimination developed by Bodvarsson and Sessions (2011) using data on Major League Baseball hitters and pitchers for four different seasons during the 1990s, a decade during which monopsony power fell. We find strong evidence of ceteris paribus racial pay differences between hitters and pitchers, as well as evidence that cross-assignment discrimination varies with labour market structure."

"À partir d'une expérimentation de testing réalisée sur le métier d'hôte de caisse dans le secteur de la grande distribution, une discrimination est établie à l'encontre des hommes et plus fortement encore, à l'encontre des Français d'origine marocaine. Une étude économétrique prenant en compte l'environnement économique et social des magasins testés montre qu'il est possible d'identifier et d'interpréter une discrimination par goût à la Becker lorsque le protocole expérimental a été réalisé dans ce but. Les résultats tendent à attester d'une discrimination statistique envers les hommes car les femmes leur sont préférées en raison de la faible élasticité de leur offre de travail aux conditions de travail. La discrimination à l'encontre des candidats d'origine marocaine semble au contraire être due aux « goûts » du client ou de l'employeur."

"This paper assesses the evidence for a racial difference in both the dispensation of formal disciplinary sanctions and in the number of fouls called by referees in professional football. The study uses a unique dataset comprising player match-level information drawn from five recent seasons of the English Premiership. These data were merged with data from other sources to identify, among other things, the racial affiliation of the player across four separate categories (viz., white, black, mixed race, and Asian). No systematic evidence of an unfair treatment of players from the non-white minority groups in respect of either the receipt of disciplinary cards or in the number of penalised fouls called by referees was detected."