"Theory suggests that in a partnership, the individual with the lower working hours and earnings position should exhibit lower training participation rates. Since women are more likely to match this description, we investigate whether systematic group differences in earnings position and working hours explain gender variation. Across all countries, male workers are unaffected by their earnings position. For female workers in Germany, not Italy or the Netherlands, working part-time instead of full-time corresponds with a decrease in course length by 5.5 hours. Regarding German part- (full-)time employed women, single earners train 5.6 (2.9) hours more than secondary earners. "

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