"This paper contributes to the debate about converge-divergence through comparing Japanese and us multinational corporations (mncs) on their deployment of human resource management (Hrm) and employment relations (er) practices across four countries. the context is the shift from the dominance of the Japanese economy in the 1980s and early 1990s towards the renewed dominance of the us economy in more recent decades. We draw on data from representative, parallel surveys of mncs operating in canada, the uK, spain and australia to test a set of hypotheses examining similarities and differences between subsidiaries of Japanese and us mncs in relation to management control across borders, remuneration, representation and worker involvement. the findings demonstrate that, despite the pressures of globalization, and the partial movement away from traditional Japanese management practices in Japan, there are clear country of origin effects for Japanese and american mncs. "

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