"This paper examines the meaning of 'autonomy' in European social dialogue, starting from the definition of social dialogue as adopted by the Commission and the social partners in various ways. In addition, the paper considers the applicability of collective autonomy parameters - as traditionally developed by labour law and industrial relations theory - especially after the amendments made by the Lisbon Treaty. Finally, the paper explores social dialogue as a governance model using the conceptual perspective of political science. The analysis leads to two main arguments: first, autonomy should be seen as a primarily procedural matter, related to the implementation of European collective bargaining outputs rather than to a real independence from institutions in managing negotiations. Second, autonomous agreements should be recognized as having relevance for the European legal system, even though defined as soft-law sources. In this regard, a comparison with the open method of coordination adds further meaning to autonomy in the context of European social dialogue."

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