Documents Tóth, István György 4 results

"The paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of how employment change relates to changes in poverty in the European Union's Member States by looking at both micro and macro level correlations. EU-LFS and EU-SILC data are used to analyse trends between 2005 and 2012, to reflect also on the societal effects of the financial and economic crisis. Time series for this period show that the crisis has resulted in very different employment trajectories. Larger volatility in employment was accompanied by a relatively sizeable change in poverty rates as well. According to our preferred regression model estimates, poverty to employment elasticity has been around 25 percent on average in the EU in the period between 2005 and 2012. The decomposition of poverty changes shows that countries differ greatly in the portion of total poverty changes attributed to changes in the poverty rates of both individuals living in jobless and non-jobless households, as well as in the portion of total poverty changes attributed to the changes in the population share of those in jobless households. We conclude that the success of poverty reduction depends to a large extent on three factors: the dynamics of overall employment growth, the fair distribution of the employment growth across households with different work intensity and properly designed social welfare systems to smooth out income losses for those families who are, for some reasons, unable to generate sufficient income for themselves from the labour markets."

"There has been a remarkable upsurge of debate about increasing inequalities and their societal implications, reinforced by the economic crisis but bubbling to the surface before it. This has been seen in popular discourse, media coverage, political debate, and research in the social sciences. The central questions addressed by this book, and the major research project GINI on which it is based, are: - Have inequalities in income, wealth and education increased over the past 30 years or so across the rich countries, and if so why? - What are the social, cultural and political impacts of increasing inequalities in income, wealth and education? - What are the implications for policy and for the future development of welfare states? In seeking to answer these questions, this book adopts an interdisciplinary approach that draws on economics, sociology, and political science, and applies a common analytical framework to the experience of 30 advanced countries, namely all the EU member states except Cyprus and Malta, together with the USA, Japan, Canada, Australia and South Korea. It presents a description and analysis of the experience of each of these countries over the past three decades, together with an introduction, an overview of inequality trends, and a concluding chapter highlighting key findings and implications. These case-studies bring out the variety of country experiences and the importance of framing inequality trends in the institutional and policy context of each country if one is to adequately capture and understand the evolution of inequality and its impacts."