Documents road work 5 results

"Jusqu'à la moitié des années 1990, l'amiante de type chrysotile a été intentionnellement ajouté dans certains revêtements routiers afin d'assurer une meilleure durabilité de la couche de finition, les chaussées pouvant être sujettes à une usure prématurée selon le taux de fréquentation et de sollicitation des véhicules (Cf. Encadré 1). Or, les travaux de réfection ou de réaménagement des chaussées peuvent déstructurer la matrice du revêtement, émettre des fibres d'amiante et, par conséquent, avoir un effet sur la santé des travailleurs si les mesures de prévention ne sont pas adoptées par les professionnels. Afin de préconiser des mesures de prévention adaptées aux niveaux d'empoussièrement en fibres d'amiante réglementaires observés lors de ces travaux et de permettre aux professionnels de vérifier le respect de la nouvelle VLEP fixée à 10 f/l en moyenne sur 8?h (VLEP-8h) en vigueur depuis le 2 juillet 2015, un recueil des données d'empoussièrement des processus a été effectué auprès des professionnels, de donneurs d'ordre publics et du réseau prévention des Carsat. Cette étude de cas présente des recommandations de prévention établies à partir de l'analyse de 302 mesurages issus de 53 chantiers."

"To better understand these injury risks, NIOSH reviewed the current literature on highway safety, analyzed data on worker fatalities in the highway and street construction industry, and held a workshop with individuals from government, labor, industry, academia, and state departments of transportation. During the workshop, participants were asked to discuss measures that could be taken by employers, manufacturers, and government and research agencies that would reduce or eliminate these hazards. This document draws on the collective knowledge, experience, and expertise of numerous individuals and organizations who are intimately involved with highway construction. By bringing together partners from all parts of the industry to discuss prevention of these injuries, NIOSH hoped to improve our understanding of the hazards faced by highway workers, raise the industry's awareness of these hazards, and initiate discussion among all concerned about measures that can reduce these hazards. The material presented in this document does not constitute an all-inclusive checklist. Rather, it is a listing of interventions from which contractors, contracting agencies, and other entities may choose those most appropriate to their situations and needs. More than 50 individuals participated in the workshop, and more than 30 individuals and organizations reviewed prior drafts of this document. Each of their contributions is sincerely appreciated."

"Background
Testing of vibration perception threshold (VPT) at the fingertips as a quantitative measure of tactile sensitivity is a commonly used tool in diagnosing hand–arm vibration syndrome. There is limited research on dose–response relationships between hand–arm vibration (HAV) exposure and VPT on an individual level.
Aims
Assess possible dose–response relationships on an individual level between HAV exposure and VPT at the fingertips.
Methods
We assessed average daily vibration exposure (m/s2A8) and cumulative lifetime HAV exposure for 104 participants from different departments in a road maintenance company based on vibration measurements and questionnaires. VPT was measured based on the technical method described in ISO 13091-1:2005 using octave frequencies 8–500 Hz. We investigated associations using linear regression models with significance level p≤0.05.
Results
The participants were either exposed to rock drills (n=33), impact wrenches (n=52) or none of these tools (n=19). Exposure to rock drills and impact wrenches was associated with elevated VPT for all seven test frequencies in the second and fifth fingers of both hands. A dose–response with the daily exposure measure m/s2(A8) was found based on 1.2 m/s2(A8) for impact wrenches, and 5.4 m/s2(A8) for rock drills. A stronger association was found with the cumulative exposure for rock drills compared with impact wrenches, and for the second finger compared with the fifth finger.
Conclusions
HAV exposure was associated with elevated VPT, also at exposure levels below the common exposure action value of 2.5 m/s2(A8). Lowering the HAV exposure can contribute to prevent increasing VPTs in these workers."