Documents Bouffartigue, Paul 25 results

"On s'intéresse ici à une de ses facettes des transformations du salariat. La dégradation des normes salariales est associée à l'émergence de nouvelles figures de travailleurs précaires, comme le « travailleur sans papiers » et le « travailleur précaire assisté ». On montre que cette dégradation des normes salariales dans un pays du Nord comme le nôtre est en rapport avec les implications des orientations actuelles de la mondialisation. A certaines conditions, les concepts de « précarité » et d' « informalité » peuvent être éclairant. Ils ne doivent pas occulter les contradictions et résistance sociales dans lesquelles s'opère la détérioration de la condition salariale. On termine en élargissant le propos aux enjeux englobants de fragmentation/recomposition des classes populaires."

Le groupe social des cadres, apparu en France dans les années trente, a connu au cours des vingt dernières années des évolutions considérables : formalisation des fonctions, montée des cadres d'expertise, féminisation, etc. Il semble que l'ensemble de ces facteurs en même temps qu'il a concouru à la progression d'une conscience salariale chez les cadres ont également participé à l'érosion de la « relation de confiance » qui caractérisait leur lien particulier à l'entreprise. Si la déstabilisation de la figure sociale du cadre est avérée, rien ne permet toutefois de conclure à terme à la disparition de ce groupe social.

" Having carried out a survey on how the reduction in working time has been implemented for management personnel in 'pioneer' companies in France ahead of the second law on the 35-hour week we explore the roots of the problems encountered, which basically relate to keeping up with a heavy workload.We look in detail at the sort of experiences these skilled workers have at work, and how there is every indication that other workers are also beginning to experience the same. Target and deadline constraints are internalised and dealt with in a relatively 'independent' manner: job interest, career commitment and the personal-challenge culture all encourage managers to be self-reliant in fulfilling their professional responsibilities and meeting their targets. However, individual feelings of professional guilt are not the only things to come out of this: managers also want to have a more regular relationship with their work and the company and exert collective control over the factors which determine workload. "

"Three different industrial relations environments, characterised by different forms of precarious employment and modes of trade union and collective action, show that precariousness is a relative, polemical and normative notion that calls into question the social and institutional foundations of trade unionism. In the French Post Office, trade union activity has succeeded in containing the increase in precarious employment and re-asserting union influence among those employees who have joined the company on unstable employment contracts. In petrochemical plants, a number of insecure experiments are attempting to deal with precariousness, to which insufficient attention has been paid in this sector. Strikes have broken out in the fast-food industry, although the trade unions have been unable to gain a real foothold here. The challenge to the trade union movement is all the more radical since the twin reference points of the firm and the industry have lost their relevance as the foundations for trade union organisation and representation and the occupational space concerned offers little prospect of stabilisation."