Documents Eekhout, Iris 2 results

"This report examines barriers to and drivers of workplace psychosocial risk management, and how this is influenced by different national and organisational contexts. The exposure of workers to psychosocial risks is increasing. However, the level of risk and the effectiveness of management vary across sectors and countries.
Based on the findings of a quantitative analysis of ESENER-2 data combined with other country-specific data, it shows that the national context — culture, economy and occupational safety and health initiatives by social partners — is related to the level of psychosocial risk management in the workplace. It also reveals that management commitment and worker involvement are likely to be most effective organisational drivers of managing psychosocial risks, regardless of the national context. The practical implications of these findings are also discussed."

3Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effects of occupational exposures on the risk of a positive COVID-19 test, and whether this differed across pandemic waves.
Methods
Data from 207 034 workers from The Netherlands with test data on COVID-19 from June 2020 until August 2021 were available. Occupational exposure was estimated by using the eight dimensions of a COVID-19 job exposure matrix (JEM). Personal characteristics, household composition and residence area were derived from Statistics Netherlands. A test-negative design was applied in which the risk of a positive test was analyzed in a conditional logit model.
Results
All eight dimensions of occupational exposure included in the JEM increased the odds of a positive test for the entire study period and three pandemic waves [OR ranging from 1.09, (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.17) to 1.77 (95% CI 1.61–1.96)]. Adjusting for a previous positive test and other covariates strongly reduced the odds to be infected, but most dimensions remained at elevated risk. Fully adjusted models showed that contaminated work spaces and face covering were mostly relevant in the first two pandemic waves, whereas income insecurity showed higher odds in the third wave. Several occupations have a higher predicted value for a positive COVID-19 test, with variation over time.
Discussion
Occupational exposures are associated with a higher risk of a positive test, but variations over time exist in occupations with the highest risks. These findings provide insights for interventions among workers for future pandemic waves of COVID-19 or other respiratory epidemics."