Documents Kayaba, Kazunori 2 results

"We prospectively investigated the association between psychosocial job characteristics according to the job demand-control model and the risk of mortality in a Japanese community-based working population. A baseline examination conducted from 1992 to 1995 determined the socioeconomic, behavioural, and biological risks in addition to the psychosocial job characteristics of 3178 male and 3331 female workers aged 65 and under and free from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. During the 9-year follow-up study, 157 men and 64 women died. In the follow-up, the results of Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that men with concurrent high job demands and high job control (an active job) had the lowest risk of mortality from all causes. Compared with the low demand and high control job category, the multivariate relative risk of an active job was 0.53 (95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.89). This finding appeared largely attributable to a reduction in cancer mortality. Job characteristics were not associated with cardiovascular diseases or external causes of mortality. For women, no significant associations were observed. The findings suggest that an active job has a beneficial effect on the health of Japanese male workers. Investigating of the effect of psychosocial job characteristics on cancer might therefore provide valuable insights into the health of workers."

"This study compared the separate effects produced by two complementary stress models - the job demand-control model and the effort-reward imbalance model - on depression among employees threatened by job loss. The employees with indirect supportive tasks (target for downsizing) were more likely to have depressive symptoms than direct assembly-line workers. Job strain, a combination of high demand and low control at work, was more frequent among the latter, while the combination of high effort and low reward was more frequent among the former. After adjustment for work environment factors, low control [odds ratio (OR) 4.7], effort reward imbalance (OR 4.1), and overcommitment (the person characteristic included in the effort-reward imbalance model) (OR 2.6) were independently related to depression. There is some indication that these effects were particularly strong in the subgroup suffering from potential job loss.This study confirms that the 2 job stress models identify different aspects of stressful job conditions. Moreover, effort-reward imbalance and low control at work are both associated with symptoms of depression."