Documents Loong Yu, Au 2 results

"Licenciements et nouvelle pauvreté sont devenus le lot quotidien de centaines millions de Chinois qui ne sont pas restés, pas sans résister. Entre stalinisme et business, quelle est la vraie nature de ce régime chinois ? Avant 2020, la Chine sera devenue la première économie mondiale. Ces trente dernières ont vu des bouleversements colossaux transformer ce pays essentiellement paysan. Désormais la majorité de la population chinoise vit dans les villes. Alors que la chute de l'URSS avait vu la disparition du Parti communiste et l'effondrement de sa mainmise sur la société, la classe bureaucratique chinoise au pouvoir a fait le choix risqué d'entamer un "grand bond en avant" vers le capitalisme tout en maintenant le régime d'État-parti unique. Ces évolutions ont profondément transformé la société. Au sommet, des fortunes colossales se sont accumulées et la corruption est devenue endémique, en bas l'exploitation que ce soit dans les entreprises privées ou d'État s'est intensifiée, les dégâts sociaux et écologiques sont innombrables."

"This essay first looks at “enterprise democracy,” as defined by law, in China, and examines why it has never been genuinely implemented and how this relates to workers' failure to resist the privatization of their enterprises at the turn of the century. It explores the crippling clauses in the laws, especially those relating to the ACFTU (All China Federation of Trade Unions), which also show the deep hostility of the ruling party towards any sign of autonomous movement from below. It links the party's lack of incentive to respect the rule of law to the material interests of the ruling bureaucracy, and argues that this can be traced back to Mao's period. It therefore does not agree with the notion, put forward by some, that the Chinese working class in the state sector was really the “master of the house” in that period. Precisely because of decades of atomization prior to the reform period, workers were left defenseless when the market reform attack started. Although they rose to protest in millions in 1989, the defeat of the movement paved the way for a second wave of attacks on workers, namely the privatization of state owned enterprises. The essay concludes with a debate on the lessons to be learned from the Chinese workers' demise and the way forward for them."