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Labour Economics - vol. 19 n° 6 -

Labour Economics

"We analyse how educational attainment and employment protection influence an individual's decision to become self-employed. By altering expected income from dependent employment, employment protection is likely to affect an individual's choice of occupation, although such a link has not been established in the literature so far. We argue that an interaction between an individual's educational attainment and the institution of employment protection exists when it comes to the decision regarding whether to become self-employed. Based on survey data from OECD countries, we find evidence for a negative interaction, and conclude that only after taking this interaction into account can the effect of employment protection and educational attainment on self-employment rates be assessed."
"We analyse how educational attainment and employment protection influence an individual's decision to become self-employed. By altering expected income from dependent employment, employment protection is likely to affect an individual's choice of occupation, although such a link has not been established in the literature so far. We argue that an interaction between an individual's educational attainment and the institution of employment ...

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DIW

"Using both household and linked employer-employee data for Germany, we assess the effects of non-union representation in the form of works councils on (1) individual sickness absence rates and (2) a subjective measure of personnel problems due to sickness absence as perceived by a firm's management. We find that the existence of a works council is positively correlated with the incidence and the annual duration of absence. We observe a more pronounced correlation in western Germany which can also be interpreted causally. Further, personnel problems due to absence are more likely to occur in plants with a works council."
"Using both household and linked employer-employee data for Germany, we assess the effects of non-union representation in the form of works councils on (1) individual sickness absence rates and (2) a subjective measure of personnel problems due to sickness absence as perceived by a firm's management. We find that the existence of a works council is positively correlated with the incidence and the annual duration of absence. We observe a more ...

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IAAEU

"A large number of articles have analysed ‘the one constant´ in the economic effects of trade unions, namely that union bargaining reduces employment growth by two to four percentage points per year. Evidence is, however, mostly related to Anglo Saxon countries. We investigate whether a different institutional setting might lead to a different outcome, making the constant a variable entity. We use linked-employer-employee data for Germany and analyse the effect of collective bargaining coverage on employment growth in German plants. We find a robust and negative correlation between being covered by a sector-wide bargaining agreement or firm level contract and employment growth per annum of about 0.8 percentage points. Using various approaches, however, we cannot establish a causal interpretation of the effects, suggesting that the cross-section results are driven by selection."
"A large number of articles have analysed ‘the one constant´ in the economic effects of trade unions, namely that union bargaining reduces employment growth by two to four percentage points per year. Evidence is, however, mostly related to Anglo Saxon countries. We investigate whether a different institutional setting might lead to a different outcome, making the constant a variable entity. We use linked-employer-employee data for Germany and ...

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Zeitschrift für Arbeitsmarktforschung - vol. 44 n° 1-2 -

Zeitschrift für Arbeitsmarktforschung

"Im internationalen Vergleich behauptet sich der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt nach der durch die Finanzkrise ausgelösten Wirtschaftskrise relativ gut. Dies war lange Zeit nicht der Fall: Noch bis vor wenigen Jahren wurden die deutschen Arbeitsmarktinstitutionen immer wieder kritisiert, bei zunehmendem internationalen Wettbewerb zu wenige Möglichkeiten zur Anpassung von Lohnstruktur und Beschäftigung zu ermöglichen. Dabei zeigt sich bei genauerer Betrachtung, dass seit spätestens Mitte der 1990er Jahre ein Reformprozess in Gang gekommen ist, welcher das formal starre System der Lohnsetzung zunehmend flexibilisiert und dezentralisiert.Dieser Beitrag fasst die Entwicklungen der in Tarifverträgen verankerten Flexibilisierungsmöglichkeiten zusammen. Diese haben in Form von Öffnungsklauseln stark zugenommen. Der Beitrag gibt zunächst einen Überblick über die bisherige Forschung im Bereich der Flexibilisierung von tariflichen Vereinbarungen und zeigt die bestehenden Lücken auf. Durch Generierung eines neuen Datensatzes (IAW-Öffnungsklauseldatensatz) ist es möglich, das Ausmaß der tariflichen Öffnung zu quantifizieren. Auf dieser Basis werden die Determinanten der Einführung von Öffnungsklauseln auf Branchenebene sowie deren betriebliche Anwendung auf Firmenebene ermittelt. Der letzte Teil des Beitrags widmet sich den wesentlichen Zusammenhängen zwischen tarifvertraglicher Öffnung und betrieblicher Entwicklung, mit besonderem Blick auf die Lohnstruktur und das Beschäftigungswachstum. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass Tariföffnungsklauseln im Zeitablauf eine weite Verbreitung finden und dass mit ihnen eine Diversifizierung der Lohnstruktur sowie eine Steigerung des Beschäftigungswachstums verbunden ist."
"Im internationalen Vergleich behauptet sich der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt nach der durch die Finanzkrise ausgelösten Wirtschaftskrise relativ gut. Dies war lange Zeit nicht der Fall: Noch bis vor wenigen Jahren wurden die deutschen Arbeitsmarktinstitutionen immer wieder kritisiert, bei zunehmendem internationalen Wettbewerb zu wenige Möglichkeiten zur Anpassung von Lohnstruktur und Beschäftigung zu ermöglichen. Dabei zeigt sich bei genauerer ...

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British Journal of Industrial Relations - vol. 55 n° 3 -

British Journal of Industrial Relations

"This article establishes a link between the degree of productivity dispersion within an industry and collective bargaining coverage of the firms in the industry. In a stylized unionized oligopoly model, we show that differences in productivity levels can affect the design of collective wage contracts a sector-union offers to heterogeneous firms. Using German linked employer–employee data, we test a range of our theoretical hypotheses and find empirical support for them. The dispersion of sector-level labour productivity decreases the likelihood of firms being covered by a collective bargaining agreement on the industry level, but increases the likelihood of firms being covered by firm-level agreements. The results hold for different subsamples and (panel) estimation techniques."
"This article establishes a link between the degree of productivity dispersion within an industry and collective bargaining coverage of the firms in the industry. In a stylized unionized oligopoly model, we show that differences in productivity levels can affect the design of collective wage contracts a sector-union offers to heterogeneous firms. Using German linked employer–employee data, we test a range of our theoretical hypotheses and find ...

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