Documents Villa, Paola 9 results

"The shift of policy focus from job security to employment security calls for a more dynamic measurement of young people's labour market performance. This article uses data on monthly employment status trajectories and job duration to investigate young Europeans' employment security around five years after they finished education. The authors show that almost 40 per cent of “job-insecure” individuals actually enjoy employment security – i.e. they are able to re-enter paid employment rapidly after losing their job. The article highlights the need for policy measures to enhance employment security, and the positive role that stricter temporary employment protection, and ALMP expenditure, could play."

"Current levels of youth unemployment need to be understood in the context of increased labor market flexibility, an expansion of higher education, youth migration, and family legacies of long-term unemployment. Compared with previous recessions, European-wide policies and investments have significantly increased with attempts to support national policies. By mapping these developments and debates, we illustrate the different factors shaping the future of European labor markets. We argue that understanding youth unemployment requires a holistic approach that combines an analysis of changes in the economic sphere around labor market flexibility, skills attainment, and employer demand, as well as understanding the impact of family legacies affecting increasingly polarized trajectories for young people today. The success of EU policy initiatives and investments will be shaped by the ability of national actors to implement these effectively."

"L'Italie est entrée en 2014 dans sa sixième année de récession. En raison d'un ralentissement économique continu, le produit intérieur brut du pays est revenu à son niveau de 2000, soit 9 % en dessous du niveau de 2008, et le volume de l'emploi s'est substantiellement contracté. Ce ralentissement économique, à la fois long et sévère, a eu de lourdes conséquences sur les femmes et les hommes même si, compte tenu de la nature sexuée du système famille-emploi, il y a des effets différents sur les unes et les autres. ..."

"In den letzten 15 Jahren war die Europäische Beschäftigungsstrategie der wichtigste Impuls für Gleichstellungspolitiken auf Ebene der Mitgliedstaaten. Ein nachlassendes Engagement schon im Vorfeld der Wirtschaftskrise führte dazu, dass bei Kriseneintritt bis dahin erzielte Fortschritte brüchig wurden und weitergehende Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen nicht durchsetzbar erschienen. In dieser Phase übernahm die EU-Gleichstellungspolitik einen instrumentellen Ansatz zur Förderung der dominanten ökonomischen Ziele. Dies hatte zur Folge, dass das vorhandene Problem eines Gender Pay Gaps nur dann beachtet wurde, wenn es sich als Hindernis zur Integration von Frauen in den Arbeitsmarkt entpuppte. Um Fortschritte bei der Entgeltgleichheit zwischen Frauen und Männern zu erzielen, war dieser Kontext alles andere als ideal. Maßnahmen zur Verringerung des geschlechtsspezifischen Lohngefälles fielen der Krise daher früh zum Opfer. Da der Gender Pay Gap durch ein Zusammenspiel unterschiedlicher Faktoren auf dem Arbeitsmarkt und in anderen Sphären beeinflusst wird, ist ein nachhaltiger, multidimensionaler und koordinierter Politikansatz erforderlich. Danach strebten aber weder die Akteure auf der europäischen noch auf der nationalen Ebene."

"Concern over the need to provide long-term care for an ageing population has stimulated a search for new solutions able to ensure financial viability and a better balance between demand and supply of care. There is at present a great variety of care regimes across industrial countries, with Mediterranean countries forming a distinctive cluster where management of care is overwhelmingly entrusted to the family. In some of these countries elderly care has recently attracted large flows of care migrants, ushering in a new division of labour among family carers (mainly women), female immigrants, and skilled native workers. The article explores the interconnections between the feminization of migration, on the one hand, and ongoing change in the Southern European care regimes, on the other hand. Different strands of the literature are brought together and reviewed to illustrate ongoing developments. One main objective is to identify issues of efficiency, equity and sustainability raised by this new ‘model' of care. The results of recent surveys on provisions and costs of long-term care are accordingly reviewed to set the stage for discussion on the optimal mix of long-term care provisions in place of traditional family care. "

"Exacerbated by the Great Recession, youth transitions to employment and adulthood have become increasingly protracted, precarious, and differentiated by gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Youth Labor in Transition examines young people's integration into employment, alongside the decisions and consequences of migrating to find work and later returning home. The authors identify key policy challenges for the future related to NEETS, overeducation, self-employment, and ethnic differences in outcomes. This illustrates the need to encompass a wider understanding of youth employment and job insecurity by including an analysis of economic production and how it relates to social reproduction of labor if policy intervention is to be effective.

The mapping and extensive analysis in this book are the result of a 3½-year, European Union-funded research project (Strategic Transitions for Youth Labour in Europe, or STYLE; http://www.style-research.eu) coordinated by Jacqueline O'Reilly. With an overall budget of just under 5 million euros and involving 25 research partners; an international advisory network and local advisory boards of employers, unions, and policymakers; and non-governmental organizations from more than 20 European countries, STYLE is one of the largest European Commission-funded research projects to exist on this topic. Consequently, this book will appeal to an array of audiences, including academic and policy researchers in sociology, political science, economics, management studies, and more particular labor market and social policy; policy communities; and bachelor's- and master's-level students in courses on European studies or any of the aforementioned subject areas."