Documents Villanueva, Paloma 3 results

"Exploiting official historical records of the German Bundestag and Bundesrat, the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and the German statutory pension insurance scheme, we construct a narrative of legislated social security changes for Germany between 1970 and 2013 in order to identify important discretionary shocks to the social security system. The historical account covers major changes in transfers and social security benefits and contributions for pensions, health care, long-term care and unemployment insurance on the German federal level and thus complements the tax narrative of Uhl (2013). Based on the provided information we are able to code a rich bottom-up time-series of fiscal policy shocks for empirical macroeconomic analysis, addressing the identification problem. Therefore, we collect information regarding the underlying motivation, the dates of the legislative process and the prospective financial impact, closely following the methodology of Romer and Romer (2010) and Uhl (2013)."

"Der Beitrag diskutiert die makroökonomischen Effekte von Änderungen bei Sozialausgaben und Einnahmen der Sozialversicherung auf das Bruttoinlandsprodukt, Konsum, Investitionen, Beschäftigung und weitere Größen. Er fasst unsere Ergebnisse aus einer umfangreicheren Studie (Gechert et al. 2020) zusammen und bezieht sie auf die aktuelle Debatte um konjunkturstützende Maßnahmen im Rahmen des wirtschaftlichen Einbruchs durch die COVID19-Pandemie. Sozialausgaben haben einen deutlich höheren und anhaltenderen Multiplikatoreffekt als Beitragssenkungen in der Sozialversicherung. Der Effekt lässt sich insbesondere durch die stärkere Konsumreaktion der Empfängerhaushalte erklären."

"Institutionalist explanations of the high non‐standard employment rate in the Spanish labour market have pointed to the relevance of flexibilization at the margin, that is, the deregulation of non‐standard jobs. Using Spanish social security micro data, we find evidence that the liberalization reforms of 2010 and 2012 had flexibilization at their core, that is, greater instability due to open‐ended and full‐time contracts (erosion of employment protection) and a rise in turnover among periphery workers, increasing the segregation gap. We conclude that there is a high level of deregulation and simultaneous dualization due to the combination of flexibilization at the margin (until 2008) and the core (2010–2012)."