"Union renewal in the United States has been framed as an organizing project. But will "reinvesting in organizing" be enough to reverse membership decline and the growing marginality of organized labor as a social and political force? This article focuses on the comparative experience of labor movements in different countries, showing the importance of strategies broader than the shift from business unionism. Most important are unions' ability to organize the margins of the labor market (at the point of unemployment), to act collectively across local union organizations and police their own labor standards, and to pursue political and institutional change through social movements of noncompliance and resistance."

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