Europe is facing the twin challenges of addressing climate change and reducing the centre-periphery divergence. The ‘European Green Deal' of the EU Commission includes larger climate change objectives, but with the same amount of EU resources and no clear vision on how to achieve aims. The lack of action for greater cohesion and convergence in economic performances is contributing to wider disparities within Europe, in particular with the countries and regions of Southern Europe. These challenges could be jointly understood as a need for deep changes in Europe's production systems, making them carbon-neutral and distributing more evenly economic activities in Europe's territory. A Green Industrial Policy for Europe could be the appropriate frame for developing a combined set of policies addressing such challenges."

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