Wie könnte „gute“ Globalisierung aussehen?
2017
43
2
243-261
globalization ; wage differential ; income distribution
Economic development
German
Bibliogr.
"Ungezügelte Globalisierung hat neben ihren positiven Effekten dazu beigetragen, fremdenfeindlichen Protektionismus wieder salonfähig zu machen und das Vertrauen der Bevölkerung in ihre Regierungen zu untergraben. Handel und Auslagerungen haben in den Herkunftsländern zu Lohndruck und Arbeitslosigkeit geführt, aber die Gewinne gesichert. Die ungleichere Einkommensverteilung schürt Zukunftsängste und treibt PopulistInnen UnterstützerInnen zu. Globalisierung muss auf globaler wie nationaler Ebene reguliert werden, damit sie zu einem Instrument der Verbesserung der Lebensumstände für möglichst viele Menschen wird. Dabei sind soziale, ökologische und ökonomische Ziele mit gleicher Intensität zu verfolgen.
Unfettered globalisation has promoted welfare gains through trade, but has recently threatened to break up social consensus and led to xenophobic protectionist tendencies. Trade and outsourcing have destroyed jobs and put pressure on wages on countries of origin, however they have secured profits for enterprises. Pressure to do away with standards important for cultural identity and deterioration in income distributions have led to pessimism about the future. This has been exploited by populist extremists. Globalisation needs to be regulated both at global and national levels, in a way which lets all people participate in their benefits. Social, environmental and efficiency goals must have the same importance. Countries need to develop globalisation (trade and investment) strategies and policies accordingly to assure equal benefits, even out wage differences between trading partners, effectively prevent tax dodging, accept national/regional preferences as positive identity factors and create mechanisms that „winners“ compensate „losers“ from globalisation."
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