Coal production is one of the largest industries in Poland and incidence of coal miners' pneumoconiosis is high. Epidemiological data are derived from the national register of occupational diseases and from previous investigations performed in Poland. Analysis of dust concentration measurements shows that occupational exposure limits are exceeded in 90% of underground workplaces. The number of new pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed annually ranges from 400 to 800 and has been showing a diminishing tendency in the last five years. Recently, a new system of medical and technical prevention has been introduced in seven collieries. Nevertheless pneumoconiosis prevention needs to be improved throughout the sector.

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