Potential risk factors associated with COVID-19 in health care workers
Article
Spilchuk, V. ; Arrandale, Victoria H. ; Armstrong, J.
2022
72
1
35–42
epidemic disease ; healthcare worker ; exposure assessment ; occupational disease ; risk assessment ; prevention
Occupational diseases
https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqab148
English
Bibliogr.
"Background
Health care workers (HCWs) have been recognized as being at higher risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection; however, relevant factors and magnitude have not been clearly elucidated.
Aim
This study was aimed to describe COVID-19 infections among hospital employees at a large tertiary care hospital located in Ontario, Canada from March to July 2020, towards better understanding potential risk factors.
Methods
Data on all HCWs with either a positive COVID test or a high-risk exposure from March to July 2020 were analyzed. HCWs with positive COVID test results and high-risk exposures were described. Those who developed COVID-19 following high-risk exposure were compared to those who did not. Data were also analyzed to determine trends over time.
Results
Over the period of observation, 193 staff (2% of total working staff) had a positive COVID-19 test. Incidence of HCW infections closely followed community incidence. Overall, 31% of COVID-19 cases were deemed occupationally acquired. Of these, 41% were acquired from a patient, with the remainder (59%) from fellow staff. Over the same period, 204 staff were identified as having a high-risk exposure. The majority of exposures (55%) were patient-associated, with the remaining (45%) resulting from staff-to-staff contact. Overall, 13% went on to develop COVID-19. Of these cases, 58% were patient-associated and 42% were a result of staff-to-staff transmission.
Conclusions
HCWs are at risk for work-related COVID-19. Given the number of infections attributed to staff–staff transmission, greater attention could be paid to implementing prevention measures in non-clinical areas."
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