Documents Rojas-Romagosa, Hugo 4 results

"The authors would like to thank the managing editor of the International Labour Review and the anonymous referee for their helpful comments. We also received very helpful comments from Steven Brakman, Harry Garretsen, José Luis Groizard, Arjan Lejour, Roman Stöllinger, Bas ter Weel, and participants at the following conferences: fifth Research Conference of the Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft (FIW) Research Centre and the FIW Seminar in International Economics, Vienna, 2012; second international BIBB/IAB Workshop on Technology, Assets, Skills, Knowledge, Specialization (TASKS 2), Bonn, 2012; Turkish Economic Association (TEA) International Conference on Economics, Izmir, 2012; TOBB-ETU seminar “Effects of technology and offshoring on changes in employment and the task content of occupations”, Ankara, November 2012; XIV Conference on International Economics, Palma, Majorca, 2013; and the Annual Congress of the European Economic Association, Gothenburg, 2013."

"The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a comprehensive preferential trade agreement that is expected to have a significant effect in EU and US bilateral trade and investment relations. As the negotiations are ongoing, this paper uses a scenario analysis to estimate the potential effects of TTIP under likely negotiated outcomes. In our main scenario, we assume a final trade deal where current tariffs are eliminated and non-tariff barriers are significantly reduced. Using a CGE model (WorldScan), we simulate the potential economic effects for the Netherlands and the EU. We find that US-Dutch bilateral trade doubles and this is translated into a positive but moderate effect on income of 1.7% for the Netherlands by the year 2030. These potential gains are higher than those for the EU and the US (both around 1%)."

"First, we find that the task-content of occupations (i.e. the intensive margin) has experienced significant changes in the United Kingdom between 1997 and 2006. Second, our econometric results suggest that these intensive margin changes can be explained by technological improvements (SBTC) and unionisation levels, while offshoring has not been a factor explaining how tasks are organized within occupations. Analysing changes at the extensive margin we confirm previous findings in the literature: there has been job polarization for both the UK and the Netherlands, and this job polarization can be explained by both SBTC and offshoring, though SBTC seems to be a more influential factor."

"We investigate the trade-off between employment and labour productivity in a panel of OECD countries in 1970-2003. The endogeneity of employment is shown to matter crucially for assessing its effect on productivity.

Estimating a structural model with 3SLS, where employment depends on demographic variables and labour market institutions, we find that employment tends to boost productivity. Literature ignoring the endogeneity of employment, including our own OLS results, incorrectly finds a negative or insignificant effect from employment on productivity. The productivity gain is, however, not a guaranteed by-product of additional employment, as regressions with rolling windows reveal."