Documents Lehmann, Etienne 3 results

"Le système de redistribution français affiche des performances globalement satisfaisantes en comparaison d'autres pays européens. Toutefois, la complexité des prestations sous condition de ressource et le manque de coordination des acteurs pèsent sur les taux de recours et conduisent à des incohérences. En 2014, 8,8 millions de personnes vivaient en dessous du seuil de pauvreté monétaire fixé à 60 % du niveau de vie médian (1 008 euros par mois). Certaines catégories de foyers sont particulièrement touchées, notamment les jeunes et les familles monoparentales."

"This paper argues that, for a given overall level of labour income taxation, a more progressive tax schedule reduces the unemployment rate and increases the employment rate. From a theoretical point of view, higher progressivity induces a wage-moderation effect and increases overall employment since employment of low-paid workers is more responsive. We test these theoretical predictions on a panel of 21 OECD countries over 1998-2008. Controlling for the burden of taxation at the average wage, we show that a more progressive taxation reduces the unemployment rate and increases the employment rate. These findings are confirmed when we account for the potential endogeneity of both average taxation and progressivity. Overall our results suggest that policy-makers should not only focus on the detrimental effects of tax progressivity on in-work effort."

"In this paper, we argue that credit market imperfections impact not only the level of unemployment, but also its persistence. For this purpose, we first develop a theoretical model based on the equilibrium matching framework of Mortensen and Pissarides (1999) and Pissarides (2000) where we introduce credit constraints. We show these credit constraints not only increase steady-state unemployment, but also slow down the transitional dynamics. We then provide an empirical illustration based on a country panel dataset of 20 OECD countries. Our results suggest that credit market imperfections significantly increase the persistence of unemployment."