Documents research programme 67 results

"This paper provides an overview of recent trends in doctoral research programmes, with a particular focus on the Ph.D. programme in labour relations at the Marco Biagi Foundation at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. In the Italian context, in spite of a steady increase in the number of Universities, faculties and students, state funding has been subject to downward pressure in recent years, giving rise to the need to seek alternative sources of funding. Another significant environmental pressure examined in the paper is the emerging demand for applied research, resulting in a change in emphasis from philosophical programmes, with a focus on fundamental research, to professional programmes that provide greater scope for applied research, known in Italy as Executive Ph.D.s. Funding for such programmes may be allocated by private sector companies and public bodies, and at times the professionals taking part provide their own funding. In conclusion, the paper examines the methodological problem that the doctoral research school at the Marco Biagi Foundation has started to address in its own programme, making the transition to a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach to the study of labour relations."

At the beginning of the 21st century, the emergence of new forms of work organization are transforming what had become standard types of work arrangements in industrialized countries. In this new labor market environment, new firms, types of workers, and risk factors are powerfully emerging. Contrary to common belief, emergent occupational health hazards should not be approached only as "technical" or "economic" value-free problems. Instead, many of the challenges faced by occupational health policy makers are predominantly related to professional values and to the political ideologies and economic interests of key stakeholders in the decision-making process. In this paper some of the key principles leading to efficient and equitable occupational health policies in the new work environment are discussed. An alternative is also proposed for dealing with the conditions and settings needed to meet the new challenges related to establishing an effective occupational health policy.

"Horizon 2020 is the biggest EU research and innovation programme ever and the biggest multinational programme of its kind. It will lead to more breakthroughs, discoveries and world-firsts by taking great ideas from the lab to the market. Horizon 2020 is Open to the World – researchers and innovators from across the globe can take part in most actions funded by Horizon 2020. This booklet explains how international cooperation in research and innovation is a cross-cutting priority of the Work Programme 2016-17"

"The substandard nature of the housing in which most farmworkers live has detrimental effects on their health, as well as on their children's health and development. However, little research has directly documented associations between farmworker housing and health; existing research is not always comparable due to differences in design and measurement. Comparative data can help determine actual causal links between housing characteristics and farmworker health and help to evaluate the efficacy of current housing policy. The goal of this paper is to provide guidelines promoting comparable research on farmworker housing and the association of this housing with health. This paper reviews general concepts relevant to measuring farmworker housing and health, issues that should be considered in designing farmworker housing and health research, data collection methods, and measures. It concludes with recommendations for a research agenda on farmworker housing and health."

"Against the backdrop of an explosion of interest in new techniques for data collection and theory testing, this volume provides a fresh programmatic statement about comparative-historical analysis. It examines the advances and distinctive contributions that CHA has made to theory generation and the explanation of large-scale outcomes that newer approaches often regard as empirically intractable. An introductory essay locates the sources of CHA's enduring influence in core characteristics that distinguish this approach, such as its attention to process and its commitment to empirically grounded, deep case-based research. Subsequent chapters explore broad research programs inspired by CHA work, new analytic tools for studying temporal processes and institutional dynamics, and recent methodological tools for analyzing sequences and for combining CHA work with other approaches. This volume is essential reading for scholars seeking to learn about the sources of CHA's enduring influence and its contemporary analytical and methodological techniques."

"Depressive disorders as well as fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour continue to be important mental health issues. Because of the close relation between depression and suicidal behaviour, it is likely that preventive actions improving care and optimising treatment for depressed patients result in a reduction of suicidal acts. This was shown in the Nuremberg Alliance against Depression, a two-year four-level community based intervention program associated with a 24% reduction of suicidal acts (completed and attempted suicides combined) compared to a baseline year and a control region. Serving as a model project, this approach has up to now been adopted in more than 100 regions in Germany and Europe. Within the suicide prevention project OSPI-Europe, the four-level-approach was optimized and further implemented and evaluated in different European regions."

"Clinical and public health research, education, and medical practice are vulnerable to influence by corporate interests driven by the for-profit motive. Developments over the last 10 years have shown that transparency and self-reporting of corporate ties do not always mitigate bias. In this article, we provide examples of how sound scientific reasoning and evidence-gathering are undermined through compromised scientific enquiry resulting in misleading science, decision-making, and policy intervention. Various medical disciplines provide reference literature essential for informing public, environmental, and occupational health policy. Published literature impacts clinical and laboratory methods, the validity of respective clinical guidelines, and the development and implementation of public health regulations. Said literature is also used in expert testimony related to resolving tort actions on work-related illnesses and environmental risks. We call for increased sensitivity, full transparency, and the implementation of effective ethical and professional praxis rules at all relevant regulatory levels to rout out inappropriate corporate influence in science. This is needed because influencing the integrity of scientists who engage in such activities cannot be depended upon."

"Ils sont un peu moins de 200 à décharger chaque jour les milliers de tonnes de marchandises qui arrivent par bateau sur le port français de Nantes/Saint-Nazaire. Leur travail, rude, comprend aujourd'hui moins de risques physiques. Mais les dockers sont désormais exposés aux très nombreuses molécules chimiques que charrient les marchandises. Las de voir leurs amis fauchés par des cancers, ils ont impulsé un programme de recherche qui retrace leurs parcours toxiques."