Documents Croatia 164 results

"Traumatisé par l'éclatement violent de la République socialiste fédérative de Yougoslavie (1990-1996), l'espace qui, géographiquement, englobe les Etats de l'Europe du Sud-Est est devenu le théâtre, depuis la seconde moitié des années quatre-vingt-dix, d'une pléiade de coopérations diverses et variées. Abordées dans cet article d'un double point de vue, spatial d'une part, privilégiant par conséquent l'approche territoriale, et institutionnel, d'autre part, car reposant sur des initiatives étatiques, ces coopérations à géométrie variable vont des plus concrètes aux plus inabouties. La plupart sont financièrement soutenues, voire initiées, par des programmes de l'Union européenne, essentiellement les programmes Interreg dont une des composantes (Interreg III B) réunit dans un seul espace les territoires de l'Europe du Sud-Est, de l'Europe centrale, de l'Adriatique et du Danube (CADSES). Cet espace se décompose en toute une série de coopérations allant de l'Initiative au groupe de travail en passant par l'enceinte la plus connue et la plus large : le Pacte de stabilité pour l'Europe du Sud-Est. L'un des principaux points positifs, et non des moindres dans une région qui recèle encore de fortes tensions politiques et sociales alimentées par un sous-développement économique marqué, est la diversité des acteurs impliqués. Responsables politiques locaux, agents économiques privés, associations s'efforcent, ensemble, d'initier des projets locaux à partir des besoins du terrain selon une démarche bottom up encore très peu usitée. La formule des eurorégions dont l'auteur fait ici l'inventaire fournit un cadre apparemment idéal, porteur de dynamiques transfrontalières qui, fortement encouragées par l'UE, sont, selon les cas, plus ou moins formalisées."

"This extensive pocketbook on candidate countries and potential candidate countries covers the years 2000 to 2009 and contains tables and graphs on demography, education, social conditions and labour force, national accounts and finance, agriculture, energy, industry, construction and services, transport, communications and information society, as well as external trade, research and development and environment. A short commentary on the data and methodological notes are also included. "

"The study shows the large variety of methods and administrative sources used across the EU to measure the magnitude of undeclared work (UDW).
However, available data are hardly comparable across countries given methodological differences and varying time span covered. The study recommends the EU-wide application of the Labour Inputs Method (currently used by Italy, essentially comparing labour demand and supply data), bearing in mind that this would require a significant and lengthy preparatory work. A complementary strategy could be to develop UDW estimates based on comparison between actual and imputed social security contributions."

"A new policy brief and six national reports from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Estonia and Croatia shed light on legislation, strategies and initiatives for recognising, preventing and managing psychosocial risks (PSRs) at the workplace.
The national reports explore the evolution and governance of PSRs, with a specific focus on stakeholder feedback and opinions. They also consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and digitalisation as drivers for change.
The policy brief identifies areas needing further action, such as adapting approaches to modern workplaces, raising awareness to combat stigma, and strengthening prevention through expert guidance. It also emphasises practical resources to support employers and workers in improving PSR management."

"Workplace risk assessment criteria for pregnant workers in the EU remain inconsistent and poorly harmonised, with notable gaps in practical guidelines for occupational health physicians (OHPs). This regulatory ambiguity could lead to either insufficient protection or unnecessary exclusion of pregnant workers from the workplace, with significant implications for maternal and foetal health, as well as healthcare and social security systems. The aim of this study was to propose common, harmonised criteria for workplace risk assessment in healthy pregnant workers exposed to physical exertion and biological and chemical hazards. The criteria were developed through structured expert consultation involving occupational and sports medicine specialists from the Croatian Society of Occupational Health. To that end, we compiled and presented relevant legal and scientific literature, which served as the basis for discussion. Expert opinion was obtained via an anonymous online questionnaire administered during a structured expert workshop. The proposed criteria are based on the CLP Regulation (EC No. 1272/2008) classification of reprotoxic substances, identification of key biological hazards (e.g., cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, rubella virus, varicella-zoster virus, and Toxoplasma gondii), and assessment of physical workload using the Key Indicator Methods (KIM) developed by the German Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA). By integrating legal context, medical evidence, and expert judgment, the proposed criteria aim to support consistent, timely, and evidence-based risk assessment and to facilitate national and EU guideline development for the protection of pregnant workers."