Documents Portugal 545 results

"Au Portugal, la problématique de la conciliation vie familiale-vie professionnelle a été confrontée récemment à des contradictions importantes. D'un côté, des mesures législatives et réglementaires ont été adoptées dans ce sens, de l'autre, la mise en œuvre du programme d'austérité a accentué la dégradation des conditions de vie. Dans la pratique, on constate cependant un meilleur exercice des droits, y compris ceux acquis récemment comme les congés parentaux, mis en place en 2009. Les quelques études disponibles montrent cependant que le sujet de la conciliation est encore largement considéré comme une affaire individuelle et féminine. "

"This paper exploits the information collected from a survey conducted on a sample of Portuguese firms to study the patterns of firms' price and wage adjustments and the extent of nominal price and wage rigidities. The evidence shows that the frequency of price changes varies substantially across sectors and depends on the intensity of competition, the share of labor costs and firms' price reviewing behavior. The results also suggest that the constraint imposed by the presence of downward nominal wage rigidity is less important in firms where the fraction of permanent and high-skilled workers is lower and the share of flexible pay components is higher."

"European welfare states are under considerable stress. On the one hand, the recession has caused unemployment to rise and household incomes to fall, which both raise the demand for social protection. On the other hand, austerity policies and programme reforms affect the capacity of welfare states to provide social protection. This paper aims to provide an early assessment of the distributional implications of the economic developments in Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Latvia, Lithuania and Romania in the period 2009-13. Using a microsimulation model, we attempt to disentangle the first-order effects of tax-benefit policies from the overall effects of the crisis. Moreover, we estimate how the burden of the crisis has been shared across income groups, and how the differential impact of the crisis may have altered the composition of the population in poverty. We conclude by discussing the methodological pitfalls and policy implications of our research."

"Portuguese firms engage in intense reallocation, most employers simultaneously hire and separate from workers, resulting in high excess worker turnover flows. These flows are constrained by the employment protection gap between open-ended and fixed-term contracts. We explore a reform that increased the employment protection of open-ended contracts and generated a quasi-experiment. The causal evidence points to an increase in the share and in the excess turnover of fixed-term contracts in treated firms. The excess turnover of open-ended contracts remained unchanged. This result is consistent with a high degree of substitution between open-ended and fixed-term contracts. At the firm level, we also show that excess turnover is quite heterogeneous and quantify its association with firm, match, and worker characteristics."

"We propose the coefficient of variation as a measure of the cyclical volatility of gross job flows that is immune to trends in net job creation. In addition, we show that this measure is intrinsically related to the importance of aggregate shocks for fluctuations in job flows at the firm level. Using data for the Portuguese economy, we conclude that the coefficient of variation is a more robust measure for the underlying volatility of gross job flows. We also find that large and old firms exhibit higher relative sensitivity to aggregate shocks than small and young firms, and have a disproportional influence over the dynamics of aggregate job reallocation. In particular, since large and old firms tend to reallocate jobs less procyclically than small and young firms, job reallocation is less procyclical than if all firm classes were equally sensitive to aggregate shocks."