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"Le Québec semble avoir échappé aux effets de la crise économique et financière de 2008-2009 en maintenant inchangé son niveau d'emploi. Cet article analyse en profondeur le rôle qu'ont joué à cet égard les acteurs syndicaux et patronaux au sein des institutions de concertation sociale de cette province. Ces dernières constituent une exception à l'échelle nord-américaine et rapprochent le modèle québécois de relations industrielles de certains systèmes européens. Les mesures d'emploi qu'ils ont utilisées ou mises en place ont contribué à éviter bon nombre de licenciements collectifs. Le maintien de l'emploi durant cette période doit aussi être interprété à la lumière d'une transformation majeure de la structure économique du Québec dans laquelle des pertes massives d'emplois dans les secteurs manufacturiers ont été compensées par des créations d'emplois dans les secteurs des services. L'analyse du contenu de plus de six mille conventions collectives conclues au Québec, sur une période de quinze ans, est cependant révélatrice d'un découplage entre la concertation sociale qui s'opère à des niveaux centralisés (provincial, sectoriel, régional) et la négociation collective décentralisée au niveau de l'établissement. La mise en évidence de ce décalage est révélatrice d'enjeux importants liés à la capacité des acteurs syndicaux et patronaux du Québec de participer à la modernisation de l'économie de cette province."

Objectives This study tested the reliability and validity of industry- and mill-level expert methods for measuring psychosocial work conditions in British Columbia sawmills using the demand-control model.Methods In the industry-level method 4 sawmill job evaluators estimated psychosocial work conditions at a generic sawmill. In the mill-level method panels of experienced sawmill workers estimated psychosocial work conditions at 3 sawmills. Scores for psychosocial work conditions were developed using both expert methods and applied to job titles in a sawmill worker database containing self-reported health status and heart disease. The interrater reliability and the concurrent and predictive validity of the expert rater methods were assessed.Results The interrater reliability and concurrent reliability were higher for the mill-level method than for the industry-level method. For all the psychosocial variables the reliability for the mill-level method was greater than 0.90. The predictive validity results were inconclusive.Conclusions The greater reliability and concurrent validity of the mill-level method indicates that panels of experienced workers should be considered as potential experts in future studies measuring psychosocial work conditions.

"This article presents a political economy analysis of extreme work hours in 18 advanced Western economies since the 1970s. Empirically, it shows that the culture of long work hours has gained significance not only in the Anglo-Saxon but also in most Continental European welfare states. Theoretically, it provides an institutionalist argument against the neoclassical, or supply-side, point of view on the drivers of long work hours in post-industrial labour markets. It demonstrates that the choice to work long hours is not entirely, or even mainly, left to the preference of the individual. Instead, individual choices are constrained by labour market policies, collective bargaining institutions and new labour market structures, the pattern and trends of which do not necessarily follow the contours of the regime typology. Data on extreme work hours was compiled from the Luxembourg Income Study and the Multinational Time Use Study micro-data collections."

"I consider the effects of legislation for conciliation and cooling-off periods, which were introduced in the Canadian Industrial Disputes and Investigation Act of 1907, on strike duration and person-days lost to strikes. I estimate the effects of this legislation on strike duration and persons-days lost to strikes using bargaining pair level data from 1901 to 1915 with a differences-in-difference model as well as an event study methodology. Both of these methodologies exploit variation in legislative coverage because there were some industries that were not covered by the legislation, and so were untreated."

"Background
Young workers (≤25 years) face a well-documented increased risk of occupational injury, but little is known about their risk for occupational disease or how it compares to older workers, even though similar factors may contribute to both injuries and hazardous exposures.
Objective
The objective of this mixed-methods study was to assess young workers' ability to identify carcinogens and identify factors that may be indicative of a higher risk of occupational cancer.
Methods
We conducted a survey of young workers in Canada and the United Kingdom via Prolific to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours around carcinogenic exposures in the workplace. Participants were asked True/False (T/F) questions on factors affecting hazardous exposures, Likert-scale questions on workplace behaviours, and to identify carcinogens among various hazards. Scores were assigned based on ability to identify carcinogens, median scores were compared across demographics, occupational groupings, and responses. Participants were then recruited to participate in focus groups to discuss questions in further detail.
Results
Median scores were lowest among participants in (1) retail and sales, and (2) agriculture, trades and manufacturing. Regardless of occupation, the ability to identify carcinogens was low. Median carcinogen scores were lower among incorrect T/F responses related to hazardous exposure. Many participants indicated a lack of knowledge regarding workplace hazards or how they may affect their health despite reporting receiving training.
Conclusions
There are knowledge gaps by occupational groups that highlight a need for improvements to the delivery of training to young workers in the primary sector, manufacturing, and retail and sales."

This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

"In Commonwealth Bank of Australia v. Barker the High Court of Australia refused to impose an implied duty of mutual trust and confidence into the employment contract, reasoning that doing so would take the Court beyond its legitimate authority. Issued two months later, the Supreme Court of Canada went in a different direction. In Bhasin v. Hrynew, the Court crafted a new substantive doctrine of honest contractual performance, based on a newly-recognized central organizing principle of good faith in contract law. A few months later the Court applied the organizing principle of good faith to circumscribe the exercise of an employer's discretion in Potter v. New Brunswick Legal Aid Services Commission. This article offers an assessment of the potential impact of Bhasin and Potter on the future direction of Canadian employment law."

"Skin cancers are becoming more prevalent even though many can be prevented. Women are more knowledgeable than men about skin cancer, yet they are more likely to sunbathe deliberately and to use artificial tanning equipment. The purpose of this article is to examine messages that women receive about the benefits of a tan. Particularly, we focused on how the indoor UV tanning industry represents the value of a tan to women. We subjected five issues of Smart Tan Canada to thematic analysis. We examined language in advertisements and articles that promote an artificial tan to women. Four themes emerged: Be Beautiful and Sexy; Look Young; Feel Better; and Science, Health, and Nature. These themes are especially effective in a culture that routinely objectifies women and places a high degree of value on their appearance. We suggest that appearance-based interventions, media literacy training, and legislation could counteract the messages in the themes."

"In this paper we review recent literature on the link between child care and women's labor supply. The growing labor market participation of women has raised many concerns since it implies less time spent with the children and greater reliance on external forms of care. Focusing on studies examining the US, Canada and several European countries, we compare and discuss their methodologies and empirical results as well as their implications for child care policies. Most of the results suggest that the impact of child care availability and costs are stronger for mothers' labor supply among more disadvantaged backgrounds. Child care programs aimed at lower income and less educated families have important implications for EU targets on child poverty and mothers' employment."