Documents work organization 2 170 results

"In Denmark labor has been organized in independent but cooperating craft unions for more than a century. Within an extremely simple model of a small open economy facing imperfect competition, we analyze four different ways of organizing the labor market and show that the Danish model (partial centralization of the wage setting process) may be accounted for as the outcome of a two-stage Nash bargaining game, being robust in relation to changes in market conditions, and likely close to optimum from the point of view of society as a whole."

Objectives This study tested the reliability and validity of industry- and mill-level expert methods for measuring psychosocial work conditions in British Columbia sawmills using the demand-control model.Methods In the industry-level method 4 sawmill job evaluators estimated psychosocial work conditions at a generic sawmill. In the mill-level method panels of experienced sawmill workers estimated psychosocial work conditions at 3 sawmills. Scores for psychosocial work conditions were developed using both expert methods and applied to job titles in a sawmill worker database containing self-reported health status and heart disease. The interrater reliability and the concurrent and predictive validity of the expert rater methods were assessed.Results The interrater reliability and concurrent reliability were higher for the mill-level method than for the industry-level method. For all the psychosocial variables the reliability for the mill-level method was greater than 0.90. The predictive validity results were inconclusive.Conclusions The greater reliability and concurrent validity of the mill-level method indicates that panels of experienced workers should be considered as potential experts in future studies measuring psychosocial work conditions.

"Objective
This study aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of organizational-level interventions in improving the psychosocial work environment and workers' health and retention.
Methods
We conducted an overview of systematic reviews on organizational-level interventions published between 2000 and 2020. We systematically searched academic databases, screened reference lists, and contacted experts, yielding 27 736 records. Of the 76 eligible reviews, 24 of weak quality were excluded, yielding 52 reviews of moderate (N=32) or strong (N=20) quality, covering 957 primary studies. We assessed quality of evidence based on quality of review, consistency of results, and proportion of controlled studies.
Results
Of the 52 reviews, 30 studied a specific intervention approach and 22 specific outcomes. Regarding intervention approaches, we found strong quality of evidence for interventions focusing on “changes in working time arrangements” and moderate quality of evidence for “influence on work tasks or work organization”, “health care approach changes”, and “improvements of the psychosocial work environment”. Regarding outcomes, we found strong quality of evidence for interventions about “burnout” and moderate quality evidence for “various health and wellbeing outcomes”. For all other types of interventions, quality of evidence was either low or inconclusive, including interventions on retention.
Conclusions
This overview of reviews identified strong or moderate quality of evidence for the effectiveness of organizational-level interventions for four specific intervention approaches and two health outcomes. This suggests that the work environment and the health of employees can be improved by certain organizational-level interventions. We need more research, especially about implementation and context, to improve the evidence."

"La crise sanitaire a propulsé le télétravail au rang d'enjeu majeur des relations professionnelles en France. Cette transformation sans précédent a bouleversé les modalités d'organisation du travail et fait émerger un nouveau champ de la négociation collective, caractérisé par une intensification de l'activité de négociation. Pesenti (2022) relève ainsi que, entre 2017 et 2021, le nombre d'accords d'entreprise dédiés au télétravail a été multiplié par dix, constituant une part majeure des accords relatifs aux conditions de travail. Cette évolution marque une rupture profonde avec la période précédente où, comme le rappellent Hallépée et Mauroux (2019), le télétravail ne concernait qu'une infime partie des salariés."

This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

"Il lavoro affronta il tema dell'innovazione organizzativa nell'impresa, mettendolo in rapporto con la progressiva affermazione dell'economia della conoscenza nell'attuale fase di sviluppo e con i conseguenti problemi di valorizzazione del capitale umano dei lavoratori. Dopo un'analisi storica dei punti di convergenza teorica tra l'economia della conoscenza, la teoria della crescita e la teoria dell'impresa, si affrontano le ragioni dell'incertezza strutturale che caratterizza le attività di "knowledge management", in ragione delle peculiarità che l'analisi economica riconosce al bene conoscenza e alla sua transazione. Viene quindi esaminato il tema della gestione della conoscenza ai fini dell'innovazione organizzativa, alla luce degli schemi logici dei modelli della "produzione snella" e dell'"organizzazione che apprende", e nella prospettiva della trasformazione della conoscenza in competenza. Vengono infine messi in luce i problemi connessi alla creazione di comunità di conoscenza nell'impresa e alla corrispondente diffusione della competenza della "partecipazione cognitiva"."