Documents workplace design 123 results

"Objective The aim of this study was to examine whether shared and open-plan offices are associated with more days of sickness absence than cellular offices. Methods The analysis was based on a national survey of Danish inhabitants between 18–59 years of age (response rate 62%), and the study population consisted of the 2403 employees that reported working in offices. The different types of offices were characterized according to self-reported number of occupants in the space. The log-linear Poisson model was used to model the number of self-reported sickness absence days depending on the type of office; the analysis was adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, and physical activity during leisure time. Results Sickness absence was significantly related to having a greater number of occupants in the office (P<0.001) when adjusting for confounders. Compared to cellular offices, occupants in 2-person offices had 50% more days of sickness absence [rate ratio (RR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.13–1.98], occupants in 3–6-person offices had 36% more days of sickness absence (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08–1.73), and occupants in open-plan offices (>6 persons) had 62% more days of sickness absence (RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.30–2.02). Conclusion Occupants sharing an office and occupants in open-plan offices (>6 occupants) had significantly more days of sickness absence than occupants in cellular offices."

"Work modification is considered as an essential element in enhancing return to work (RTW) among persons with musculoskeletal problems although systematic reviews have called for more studies and pointed out that the net gain in sickness absence days has been only modest and economic effects uncertain. Loisel and his co-workers showed for the first time that an occupational intervention – and especially an occupational intervention combined with a clinical intervention – was associated with a faster RTW compared with clinical intervention alone or usual care. The developed Sherbrooke model has been tested with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in the Netherlands. Workers sick-listed for 2–6 weeks due to low-back pain (LBP) were first randomized into a workplace intervention or usual care, and those who had not returned to work by 8 weeks were further randomized to graded activity or usual care. ..."

"Maladies professionnelles reconnues les plus fréquentes, les troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) ont augmenté de 60?% depuis 2003 dans la population active. De multiples causes sont en jeu, liées au poste de travail et à son environnement, à l'organisation du travail ainsi qu'au climat social dans l'entreprise. De ce fait, elles imposent de mettre en place une démarche globale d'évaluation et de prévention des risques, en privilégiant la prévention à la source et en favorisant le maintien dans l'emploi. Ce dossier dresse un état des lieux des connaissances et présente les nouveautés en termes de prévention sur l'une des questions les plus préoccupantes en santé au travail."

"Una particolare stagione è attraversata dall'obbligo di sicurezza che, nell'attuale emergenza epidemiologica, assume su di sé il peso importante della gestione degli snodi più delicati del rapporto di lavoro ed impone una messa a fuoco di questioni nuove per i giuristi del lavoro.
Quasi inutile, si potrebbe dire, esaminare il tema dell'obbligo di sicurezza prendendo in considerazione i valori costituzionali rispetto ai quali viene in considerazione un necessario bilanciamento (una valutazione comparativa) tra il diritto alla salute e, a ben vedere, il diritto alla vita, da una parte e la libertà di iniziativa economica privata dall'altra. ..."

"Tens of millions of workers in Europe work in office environments. Such a physical environment might seem fairly harmless compared to the exposures of many other work environments. Yet, the office design is associated with important occupational health-related outcomes, as demonstrated by increased sickness absence (1) and the risk of disability retirement (2) in traditional open-plan offices. Unfortunately, modern office designs, such as activity-based offices, have received limited attention in the field of occupational and public health. ..."

"Many procedures in the development process of crane cabins today are still based on the specific experience of manufacturers and historical guidelines. It is not surprising that they fail to meet the needs of a large proportion of operators. Accordingly, the need for more objective, theoretically justified and consistent models, that will minimize crane operators' biomechanical and visual problems through anthropometric characteristic analysis to improve safety and prevent crane related fatalities and injuries, arises. In that aim we firstly identified the critical characteristics of existing crane cabins linked to visibility and posture (seat and armrest problems) using users' opinions and Pareto analysis. We then collected rarely available data on crane operators in Serbian companies (64 in the first and 10 operators in the control sample) and proposed methodology for the ergonomic assessment of crane cabins based on drawing-board mannequins and kinematic modeling. The implemented methodology interval estimate obtains an interior space of 1095 × 1150 × 1865 mm in which is possible to eliminate the critical characteristics of existing crane cabins. The research results fulfill user needs not satisfied in existing crane cabins and suggest certain changes to existing standards on the path to improved safety."

"Ces témoignages montrent la nécessité d'intégrer la prévention des risques professionnels dans la conduite de projet, en particulier lors de la conception des lieux de travail. Architectes, maîtres d'ouvrage et salariés insistent sur la concertation en amont et sur le dialogue qui permet de prendre en compte les contraintes et les risques professionnels.
Objectif : Montrer la nécessité d'intégrer la prévention des risques professionnels dans la conduite de projet, en particulier, lors de la conception des lieux de travail."

"L'aménagement ergonomique des postes informatisés est une condition essentielle, mais insuffisante pour la prévention des TMS. Nous savons maintenant qu'il est malsain de demeurer trop longtemps assis devant un ordinateur. L'organisation des tâches doit prévoir de bouger et de se lever régulièrement de son poste de travail si l'on veut prévenir les TMS.
Ce guide présente un résumé pratique de l'état des connaissances sur l'ergonomie du bureau. Les principes proposés peuvent s'appliquer à d'autres secteurs que celui du bureau."