Documents trade unionization 700 results

"Dans un contexte marqué par des défis sans précédent, les syndicats européens ont su faire preuve de capacités de résistance et d'adaptation remarquables pour sauvegarder et renforcer les droits des travailleurs. Ce rapport passe en revue diverses stratégies mises en œuvre par les syndicats en Allemagne, en Belgique, au Danemark, en Espagne et en Italie. Il examine comment les syndicats de ces pays évoluent dans un environnement socio-économique et politique de plus en plus complexe. Le choix de ces cinq pays est dicté par la volonté de rendre compte des trois grandes variétés de syndicalisme et de systèmes de relations industrielles présentes en Europe. Le rapport analyse également le répertoire des actions d'une fédération syndicale européenne, UNI Europa, afin d'évaluer la dimension européenne de l'activité syndicale. "

"Short-time work (STW) has been widely used, both during the Great Recession and the COVID crisis, to preserve jobs. In most European countries, the implementation of STW schemes is often the result of bargaining between trade unions and employers, yet very little is known about the role of unions. In this paper, we investigate the effects of STW schemes on a number of firms' economic outcomes, considering the role of unions and collective bargaining. We use firm-level panel data, for the metal--engineering industry (from 2009 to 2015), with information on firms characteristics, STW use, industrial relations attributes, merged with accounting data. We estimate the elasticity of employment, working hours, wages and labour productivity to STW hours using an IV-FE estimator. We find that STW is an effective policy to preserve jobs in all firms. The positive effect on employment is supported by quite different mechanisms, which depend on unions presence and power in the firm. In low unionized firms wage cuts are the prevailing adjustment mechanisms, while in highly unionized firms, per-capita wages are insensitive to STW and adjustment mainly occurs through a reduction in working hours. These results are coherent with the use of STW as a work sharing device to protect incumbent workers who are mainly union members."

"This study overviews the impacts of the twin (digital and green) transition on the labour market and the workplace. It explores the role and presents good practice examples of employee involvement, both via social dialogue and collective bargaining and direct co-decision making, in shaping the transition at the macro and micro levels. Finally, the study summarises the main legislative and policy measures adopted at the EU level to foster employee involvement."

"Despite changing attitudes around disability over time, people with disabilities still face large barriers to labour market participation. We apply a sociological framework that considers both supply- and demand-side explanations for labour market inequality to help understand the continuing earnings and employment disparities experienced by people with disabilities across countries. Specifically, we review reemployment disparities across different measures of disability, address sets of individual-level and structural explanations for these disparities, discuss how these explanations interact, and apply them to examples related to intersectionality, unionisation, contingent work, and employment in times of crisis. Paid employment is central to people's social and economic wellbeing within liberal market-based economies, making it important to understand the many dimensions of labour market inequality."

"Da die Bereitschaft der Beschäftigten sinkt, sich kollektiv zu organisieren, wurden 2.564 Beschäftigte in der Metall- und Elektroindustrie zu ihrem gewerkschaftlichen Engagement und ihren tarifpolitischen Einstellungen befragt. Die Umfrageergebnisse zeigen, dass das Tarifsystem von Gewerkschaftsmitgliedern und Nicht-Mitgliedern geschätzt wird. Dabei sorgen sich die Beschäftigten stärker um die rückläufige Tarifbindung als um den sinkenden gewerkschaftlichen Organisationsgrad. Die Gewerkschaftsmitglieder sind mit ihrer Gewerkschaft überwiegend zufrieden und davon überzeugt, dass sich im Kollektiv bessere Arbeitsbedingungen durchsetzen lassen. Außerdem sichern sie sich über eine Mitgliedschaft persönlich ab, zum Beispiel durch Streikunterstützung oder Rechtsberatung. Die Ursachen für ein fehlendes gewerkschaftliches Engagement sind Informationsdefizite, ein fehlender unmittelbarer Nutzen einer Mitgliedschaft, Individualisierungstendenzen und die Ausrichtung der Gewerkschaftspolitik. Diese Ergebnisse liefern Ansatzpunkte, wie dem Mitgliederschwund entgegengewirkt werden kann."

"One of the distinctive characteristics of the trade union model in Southern Europe is the clear political persuasion of the dominant confederations (mainly left-wing) and, with the exception of Italy, their low membership density. The Great Recession ushered in a period of confrontation between unions and governments over the application of austerity policies and radical reforms deregulating the labour market, creating a hostile environment for unions, which responded by intensifying their discourse and socio-political action in order to call for the support of workers and alliances with other left-wing organisations. This article, based on data from the European Social Survey, analyses the importance of the political attitudes of workers as a determining factor of unionisation in Italy, Portugal and Spain over a significant period, from 2002 to 2018. The results obtained reveal an important influence of political attitudes on unionisation in Southern Europe, especially in Portugal. However, other variables also affected unionisation, notably the negative influence of precarious forms of employment and the conjunction of the recessionary economic cycle and neoliberal reforms that took place during the Great Recession."

"The prevalence of labor unions have declined post-WWII, and this paper examines whether globalization is a contributing factor. Offshoring jobs abroad may change the composition of domestic firms and employment and thus reduce union density. Alternatively, a firms' ability to offshore may erode the union's bargaining power, decrease the benefits of union membership, and reduce unionization rates. We test these predictions using an employer-employee matched data set covering the universe of workers and firms in Denmark (1999-2017), which allows us to measure the exogenous threat of offshoring at the firm-level and the unionization decisions of individual workers. The findings show that the threat of offshoring reduces unionization rates, even within a job-spell. This is not driven by the changing composition of firms or workers, but instead appears to be due to a decline in the union's bargaining position. Additional results confirm that the union wage premium and the rent-sharing elasticity are both smaller at offshoring firms. These results have important policy implications for the distributional effects of globalization and for the future of organized labor."