Documents occupational health survey 107 results

"L'estimation de l'effet du stress au travail sur le nombre de cas de pathologies (morbidité et mortalité) et les coûts économiques associés constitue un réel enjeu de santé publique. Pourtant les études qui portent sur ce sujet sont peu nombreuses dans la littérature. L'objectif de l'article est de souligner l'intérêt d'un tel chiffrage, de présenter brièvement une méthode d'estimation envisageable, celle des fractions attribuables, et les difficultés méthodologiques qui lui sont associées. Cette méthode utilise des données épidémiologiques de risque relatif associé à un facteur de risque donné et de prévalence d'exposition à ce facteur. Les difficultés méthodologiques soulevées par l'utilisation de cette méthode soulignent la nécessité de disposer de données épidémiologiques robustes et cohérentes issues d'études étiologiques prospectives sur des échantillons de grande taille. Les résultats obtenus par l'estimation du poids du stress au travail constituent une aide à la décision pour un usage éclairé des ressources disponibles pour la prévention."

"Objective: This paper reviews the present indicators, trends, and recent strategies to tackle major global and European problems in safety and health at work.Methods: We reviewed employment figures, mortality rates, occupational burden of disease and injuries, reported accidents, surveys on self-reported occupational illnesses and injuries, attributable fractions, and the most recent information on the problems from published papers, documents, and electronic data sources of international organizations, European institutions/agencies, and public websites. We identified and analyzed programs and strategies to reduce the work-related negative outcomes at various levels.Results: Work-related illnesses that have a long latency period and are linked to ageing are clearly on the increase, while the number of occupational accidents has gone down in industrialized countries thanks to prevention and structural changes. We have estimated that globally there are 2.3 million deaths annually for reasons attributed to work. We refer to prevention methods as a “toolbox” and categorize the following as “individual tools”: legislation and enforcement, information on the existing state of problems and capacities (profile), knowledge of solutions and good practices, communication and promotion to increase awareness, and collaboration and networking for exchange of good practice. Global, regional, national, and sectoral strategies and systems cover these issues, reflecting their respective priorities.Conclusion: In the present political situation and serious economic downturn, legal measures need to be supplemented with economic justification and convincing arguments to reduce corner-cutting and avoid long-term disabilities, premature retirement, and corporate closures due to a poor work environment."

"OBJECTIVES:
Several studies have reported male-female differences in the prevalence of symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), some arising from workplace exposure differences. The objective of this paper was to compare two strategies analyzing a single dataset for the relationships between risk factors and MSD in a population-based sample with a wide range of exposures.
METHODS:
The 1998 Québec Health and Social Survey surveyed 11 735 respondents in paid work and reported "significant" musculoskeletal pain in 11 body regions during the previous 12 months and a range of personal, physical, and psychosocial risk factors. Five studies concerning risk factors for four musculoskeletal outcomes were carried out on these data. Each included analyses with multiple logistic regression (MLR) performed separately for women, men, and the total study population. The results from these gender-stratified and unstratified analyses were compared.
RESULTS:
In the unstratified MLR models, gender was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain in the neck and lower extremities, but not with low-back pain. The gender-stratified MLR models identified significant associations between each specific musculoskeletal outcome and a variety of personal characteristics and physical and psychosocial workplace exposures for each gender. Most of the associations, if present for one gender, were also found in the total population. But several risk factors present for only one gender could be detected only in a stratified analysis, whereas the unstratified analysis added little information.
CONCLUSIONS:
Stratifying analyses by gender is necessary if a full range of associations between exposures and MSD is to be detected and understood."

"Objectives
Retirement is a major life transition. However, previous evidence on its mental health effects has been inconclusive. Whether retirement is desirable or not may depend on pre-retirement work characteristics. We investigated trajectories of depressive symptoms across retirement and how a number of psychosocial working characteristics influenced these trajectories.
Methods
We included 1735 respondents from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH), retiring during 2008–2016 (mean retirement age 66 years). They had completed biennial questionnaires reporting job demands, decision authority, workplace social support, efforts, rewards, procedural justice and depressive symptoms. We applied group-based trajectory modelling to model trajectories of depressive symptoms across retirement. Multinomial logistic regression analyses estimated the associations between ­psychosocial working characteristics and depressive symptom trajectories.
Results
We identified five depression trajectories. In four of them, depressive symptoms decreased slightly around retirement. In one, the symptom level was initially high, then decreased markedly across retirement. Perceptions of job demands, job strain, workplace social support, rewards, effort–reward imbalance and procedural justice were associated with the trajectories, while perceptions of decision authority and work efforts were only partly related to the trajectories.
Conclusions
We observed a rather positive development of depressive symptoms across retirement in a sample of Swedish retirees. For a small group with poor psychosocial working characteristics, symptoms clearly decreased, which may indicate that a relief from poor working characteristics is associated with an improvement for some retirees. However, for other retirees poor working characteristics were associated with persistent symptoms, suggesting a long-term effect of these work stressors."

"Objective:
To describe nurses' mental health status during the Covid-19 outbreak and to explore the factors that might accentuate the negative consequences on their mental health.
Methods:
We conducted an online survey to evaluate demographic variables, working conditions, family dynamics, and mental health variables in nurses working in healthcare settings, in Portugal, during the Covid-19 outbreak.
Results:
Portuguese nurses presented higher depression, anxiety and stress levels, when compared to the Portuguese general population, during the outbreak. Overall, nurses who did not consider the quantity and quality of personal protective equipment as adequate presented significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Conclusions:
Our results suggest that nurses' mental health status seems to be particularly affected by the Covid-19 outbreak and that some modifiable elements might accentuate the impacts on their mental health."

"Analizar las diferencias en la percepción del estado de salud de los varones y mujeres en las últimas etapas de la vida y explorar su relación con variables sociodemográficas y de salud.Datos procedentes de la Encuesta de Salud de Cataluña de 1994, de 1.459 varones y 1.993 mujeres de 60 y más años. Se realizó un análisis de la autovaloración del estado de salud según la edad, el sexo, la clase social, la declaración de enfermedades crónicas y la discapacidades y se aplicó un modelo de análisis multivariable de regresión logística teniendo en cuenta el diseño muestral. Entre la población anciana, la percepción de mala salud fue superior en las mujeres incluso ajustando por otras variables explicativas significativas (clase social, edad, discapacidades y enfermedades crónicas). Padecer enfermedades crónicas y/o discapacidades constituyen los factores explicativos más importantes en la percepción del estado de salud. El impacto del padecimiento de enfermedades crónicas en relación con la percepción de mala salud disminuye a medida que los grupos son de mayor edad."

"Objectives
The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the return-to-work self-efficacy (RTWSE-19) scale into Danish and test the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the final version.
Methods
The adaptation process followed standard guidelines and the pretest was performed on 40 sickness absence beneficiaries. Tests of reliability, validity and responsiveness of the final version was performed on 782 participants of whom 440 (56%) responded. For the sub- and global scales, internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha and reproducibility using paired t-test and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively Responsiveness was evaluated by paired t-test and the association between RTWSE-19 and job status at ten weeks was tested in a logistic regression model, adjusted for gender, age and baseline job status.
Results
The face validity and reliability of the Danish version of the RTWSE-19 questionnaire were satisfactory. The internal consistency (alpha) for the three subscales ranged from 0.93 to 0.97. A test-retest showed no difference as well as high ICC between scale scores at baseline and one week later. The content validity of the final version was confirmed. High baseline RTWSE-19 level was associated with being at work after ten weeks odds ratio (OR) 3.24, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.48–7.07.
Conclusions
The RTWSE-19 cross-cultural translation to Danish was performed satisfactorily. A modified final version was produced, and the test of the instrument's reliability and validity showed that the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were partly confirmed. The instrument may be useful in rehabilitation practice to guide further assessment, goal setting and RTW decision-making."