Documents job searching 171 results

"This paper investigates how job seekers in Uruguay direct their search based on posted wages and non-wage amenities, using online job board data. It examines occupational differences in application behavior and tests these patterns with a quasi-experimental approach leveraging industry-by-occupation minimum wage variations.
We leverage rich data from a prominent online job board in Uruguay to assess directed search patterns in job applications, focusing on posted wages and advertised non-wage amenities. We find robust evidence of directed search based on posted wages in the cross-section, with stark heterogeneity by occupation: the wage-application correlation is driven by vacancies attached to lower-skill occupations, with applications to vacancies attached to higher-skill occupations showing no responsiveness to posted wages. By applying text analysis to the job ads, we elicit advertised non-wage amenities and find evidence of directed search based on non-wage amenities. Applications to vacancies attached to lower-skill occupations are consistent with lexicographic application preferences: amenities predict applications to these vacancies only when wages are not posted. Finally, we exploit industry-by-occupation minimum wage variation to demonstrate that the observed occupational heterogeneity in directed search patterns is supported by quasi-experimental difference-in-differences estimates of the impact of wages on job applications."

"Labor supply in the market for low-paid jobs in Germany is strongly influenced by tax exemptions - even for individuals to whom these exemptions do not apply. We present compelling evidence that an individual's choice set depends on other workers' preferences because firms cater their job offers to aggregate preferences in the market. We estimate an equilibrium job search model which rationalizes the strong earnings bunching at the tax exemption threshold using German administrative data. We then simulate modifications to the tax schedule that remove the discontinuity and thus the bunching at the threshold. Results highlight the indirect costs of (discontinuous) tax policies which are shown to be reinforced by firm responses: Workers who would work anyway are hurt by subsidies benefiting groups who enter the market as a result of tax incentives."

"L'objectif est d'analyser la diversité et les dynamiques des intermédiaires du marché du travail et de bâtir une cartographie des acteurs, en privilégiant une approche territoriale. Le parti pris est d'adopter une définition large de l'intermédiation pour deux raisons : d'une part, l'intermédiation n'est pas une catégorie communément utilisée par les acteurs de terrain (ils parlent plutôt de « mise en relation », de « placement », « d'accompagnement »…) ; d'autre part, la définition du champ fait partie intégrante du travail de cartographie. Le choix est donc fait de définir les « intermédiaires du marché du travail » comme des opérateurs dont l'activité participe à rapprocher, directement ou indirectement, une « offre » et une « demande » sur le marché externe du travail.

Deux systèmes d'acteurs locaux ont été analysés (un territoire rurbain limitrophe d'une grande agglomération régionale et une agglomération située en Île-de-France). Des entretiens auprès de responsables de structures et d'équipes ont été menés et des observations réalisées dans une agence Pôle emploi. Les relations d'acteurs s'articulent principalement autour du service public de l'emploi. La cartographie produite met en évidence la diversité des objets d'échange (informations, flux financiers, demandeurs d'emploi, offres d'emploi) ainsi que l'intensité et la complexité des liens entre les structures. Elle souligne le fait que la plupart des acteurs n'ont pas un accès direct à la fois à l'offre et à la demande d'emploi. Le service public de l'emploi apparaît comme jouant un rôle central. En particulier, Pôle emploi est la structure majeure « d'influence » comme de « support » des relations."

"Active labor market policies are massively used with the objective being to improve labor market outcomes of individuals out of work. Many observational evaluation studies have been published. In this review, we critically assess policy effectiveness. We emphasize insights from recent randomized controlled trials. In addition, we examine policy effects that have not been the primary object of most of the past evaluations, such as anticipatory effects of advance knowledge of future treatments and equilibrium effects, and we discuss the actual implementation of policies. We discuss the importance of heterogeneity of programs and effects and examine the extent to which potential participants are interested in enrollment. We also discuss the assessment of costs and benefits of programs."

"Combining the longitudinal dimension and the retrospective calendar of the French Labour Force Survey (2003-2011), we analyse the labour market transitions and outcomes of workers who were dismissed for economic reasons. This study analyses the re-employment patterns of displaced workers and their earnings losses, as is common in the literature, as well as the consequences of displacement for other aspects of job quality. Results suggest that the cost of involuntary job loss is important and goes beyond the fall in earnings. Workers who are made redundant face relatively long spells of non-employment before getting back to work and their new jobs tend to be of lower quality than their pre-displacement jobs along a number dimensions. Re-employed displaced workers suffer a monthly wage penalty of 15-20% and are, on average, nine times as likely to lose their job again as are workers who have not been made redundant. In addition, displaced workers are more likely to work part-time once re-employed, and to have fewer paid holidays and lower job authority than had they not been dismissed, though these differences tend to fall over time."

"Granovetter first analyzed the role of interpersonal networks in the job market. It is useful to connect the general questions concerning the relation between social capital and employability to specific categories of candidates. In this paper we focus on graduates, who are facing growing difficulties of placement in the job market. What is the importance of social ties in the job placement of new graduates? What is the morphology of social networks that result effective in job searching? What are the characteristics of people who were used as contact by workers who are professionally successful and satisfied? To answer these questions a survey was led on a sample of Graduates of 2008, that was conducted via web between June and August 2012 and reached almost 6000 interviewed. "

"Employability is defined as a psycho-social construct comprised of three dimensions: adaptability, career identity and human and social capital. Some scholars deal with employability from a person-centered perspective, independently from one's employment status. It means that one can be employable without necessarily being in employment. The psycho-social model has been applied in helping individuals to cope with unemployment as it can be used to assist them to recognize that their employability can be self-improved, despite the temporary absence of employment. Starting from this perspective, the aim of this paper is to explore the employability in a cluster of unemployed workers. Employability was found out to be positively related to job search behavior. "

"The paper examines the use of social network sites as a new channel for job search and hiring, looking at the implications this has on candidates and recruiters. This will be done thanks to an online survey, conducted between March and June 2014, which collected responses from more than 17.000 candidates and 1500 recruiters from 24 countries and which includes a specific focus on the dynamics concerning Italy. The main questions this article tackles are: what kind of candidates and firms use social media in the recruitment process; what is the effectiveness of social media in the matching between supply and demand in the labour market; how candidates represent themselves online and how their digital reputation impacts on job search, potentially changing the role of social capital in social recruiting."

"The hypothesis discussed on this paper is that there is a correlation between individual pro-activity (right from the educational stages) and the propensity to select the search methods used in the period of job seeking. The occupational incidence of resourcefulness attitude in young Italian graduates is here analysed starting with the strategies for using the various job search methods. We use original information drawn from a larger survey on a sample of about 5.800 people interviewed three years after graduation. A multiple correspondences analysis enucleates a number of factors that describe the degree of pro-activity and resourcefulness of young graduates. The performance of graduates are evaluated on the basis of a number of socio-graphic variables, of the university path and of the experiences carried during their studies. Finally, are identified the aspects that have the greatest impact on research strategies using a linear discriminant analysis, measuring the magnitude of the effect. "

"Italy's low employment rate is associated with adverse labour market dynamics characterised differently across different categories of people. Both job separation and re-employment have remained less frequent in Italy, especially among older workers, against the backdrop of rigid employment protection legislation which weighs down job creation, thus re-employment prospects. Working conditions after re-employment tend to worsen, especially for older workers, as seniority is not entirely portable across firms. Prospects on working conditions after re-employment deteriorate with longer unemployment spells, affecting incentives to return to work, especially where social benefits are too generous. Rigid employment protection for incumbent workers has also come at the cost of more frequent labour turnover for temporary workers who face an increasing risk of unemployment, including the more highly educated. The risk of hysteresis effects is significant in particular for those who separated from temporary jobs. The public employment service has to take account of individual cases, adopting intensive programmes such as training where necessary, while in general personalised job search assistance to get jobseekers back to work at early stages is recommended."