Documents retirement 409 results

"Objectives
Before actual retirement, employees may already distance themselves from work, which could be referred to as “mental retirement”. However, trajectories of work motivation, ie, work engagement, have not been studied yet. The present study aimed to (i) identify different trajectories of work engagement among older workers approaching the retirement age, and (ii) examine their associations with actual retirement.
Methods
In total 3171 employees aged 55–62 years, who participated in the Dutch Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation were included in this study. Participants completed questionnaires in 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. Latent class growth mixture modeling was performed to identify groups of employees with similar three-year trajectories in work engagement. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study whether trajectory membership was associated with retirement.
Results
Of the 3171 employees, 16.2% made a transition from work to (early) retirement (N=513). Four trajectories of work engagement were identified: steady high (76.3%), steady low (12.7%), decreasing (6.2%), and increasing (4.8%). A steady low work engagement trajectory was associated with retirement [odds ratio (OR) 1.46], compared to a steady high work engagement trajectory. Although not statistically significant, an increasing work engagement trajectory seemed to be associated with retirement as well (OR 1.60).
Conclusions
This study did not support the concept of mental retirement before actual retirement, ie, a decrease in work engagement among those facing retirement. However, as one in eight employees did experience steady low work engagement in the years before retirement, interventions promoting work motivation are recommended to support the employability of these employees."

"In this paper, we analyze the sensitivity of the labor market decisions of workers close to retirement with respect to the incentives created by public regulations. We improve upon the extensive prior literature on the effect of pension incentives on retirement by jointly modeling the transitions between employment, unemployment and retirement, paying special attention to the transition from unemployment to retirement (which is particularly important in Spain and other European countries, and whose relevance is increasing as a result of the recent economic crisis).Using administrative data, we find that, when properly defined, economic incentives have a strong impact on labor market decisions. Unemployment regulations are shown to be particularly influential for retirement behavior, along with the more traditional determinants linked to the pension system. Pension variables also have a major bearing on workers' reemployment decisions. The quantitative impact of the incentives, however, is greatly affected by the existence of unobserved heterogeneity among workers. Its omission leads to sizeable biases in the assessment of the sensitivity to economic incentives. We confirm the importance of this potential problem in the case of the change in early retirement provisions legislated in Spain in 2002 (which we analyze with a difference-in-difference approach)."

"This paper presents a model where young and old workers compete for one type of jobs in the presence of retirement opportunity. Within this framework, we show that increased retirement opportunities (such as a decrease of the retirement age) has most of the time a depressing impact on the unemployment rate. Indeed the number of vacancies posted by firms is influenced by the probability that an old worker is going into retirement. We show that the degree to which younger workers are influenced by retirement of older workers depends on the relative productivity of young and older workers. It is only when older workers are much more productive than young workers that retirement may benefit to unemployment."

"Les États-nations étant attachés à leurs prérogatives en matière de politiques relatives aux personnes âgées, on pourrait en déduire que ces politiques se prêtent peu à un traitement au niveau supranational. Pourtant, un certain nombre d'instruments communautaires influent directement ou indirectement sur les politiques nationales conduites dans ce domaine. Alors que la recherche en sciences politiques s'intéresse essentiellement à la méthode ouverte de coordination (MOC) sur les retraites, nous montrons que ces instruments sont en réalité plus anciens, plus larges et plus influents que la MOC. Nous nous plaçons dans une perspective d'analyse des politiques et posons les questions suivantes : quand et comment ces instruments ont-ils été élaborés ? Quels sont leurs effets (potentiels) ? Nous démontrons que l'on surestime en général la puissance des instruments de pilotage non contraignants qui visent à impulser des réformes dans le domaine des retraites tandis que l'on sous-estime souvent l'influence qu'exerce l'Union européenne sur la marge de manœuvre des États en matière de vieillissement et de retraite, à travers les instruments législatifs relatifs aux droits individuels à l'égalité de traitement ou à la liberté de mouvement des capitaux et des personnes. L'analyse fait appel à des études de cas portant sur différents instruments d'action et repose sur vingt-six entretiens et sur l'étude de sources primaires et secondaires."