Documents knowledge worker 25 results

"Im Fokus des Beitrages steht die Arbeitsregulation in wissensbasierten Unternehmen. Interessenvertretungen werden hier nicht nur damit konfrontiert, dass hochqualifizierte Beschaeftigte – Wissensarbeiter/innen – zur Selbstvertretung tendieren, sondern auch mit neuen integrativen Human Resource Strategien, in denen Commitment und Empowerment eine grosse Rolle spielen. Ob das Spannungsverhaeltnis zwischen individualistischer Leistungsorientierung und kommunitaerer Teamkultur – das Paradox der Wissensarbeit – hierdurch jedoch geloest werden kann, ist die Frage; ebenso wie die Vereinbarkeit mit traditionellen Institutionen der Interessenvertretung. Zur Analyse wird das Theoriekonzept der „institutionellen Logiken“ herangezogen, das uns Aufschluss ueber die in wissensbasierten Unternehmen vorherrschenden Spannungen und Interessenskonflikte geben soll. Am Beispiel von Pharma- und Biotech-Unternehmen wird gezeigt, wie widerspruechliche institutionelle Logiken entstehen und bearbeitet werden. Diskutiert werden mit Blick auf die empirischen Befunde auch die Chancen fuer eine Rekonfiguration kollektiver Formen der Arbeitsregulation."

"This study advances research on strategic human resource management by examining whether better firm performance depends on the alignment between an organization's human resources (HR) system and its innovation strategy. The authors argue that the unique problems underlying exploration innovation strategies and exploitation innovation strategies require core workers to engage in different types of knowledge-search and -combination behaviors. Alternative HR systems theoretically produce different knowledge-search and -combination behaviors by way of their effect on employees' ability, motivation, and opportunity structures at work. Drawing on a field study of 230 software firms, the authors demonstrate that alternative HR systems support either an exploration or exploitation strategy and that alignment between a firm's HR system and innovation strategy results in firm performance gains and misalignment results in performance penalties."

"This paper focuses on common ground as an informal coordination mechanism during post-merger integration. In particular, we investigate if shared knowledge and shared beliefs between acquirer and target trigger a self-coordination mechanism among employees and therefore can act as an alternative path to human integration in mature industries. We are arguing that a dynamic research approach capturing a period of one year from deal closing onwards is beneficial to better understand the integration autonomy dilemma and the necessary coordination mechanisms. Based on case study research, we find that common ground is a double-edged sword with benefits and weaknesses. While in a first period common ground fosters coordination and allows for efficient task integration, a sole reliance on common ground without any human integration measures and management commitment has clear disadvantages in the long run. It is observable that the commitment to change of employees disappears and organizational resistance occurs. "

" This paper presents a theoretical framework of the role of HR practices in overcoming the differences and conflicts between the source and recipient of knowledge during the exploitation of synergies in the post-merger integration (PMI) process. The presented analysis of an international case study explores the crucial yet neglected relationship in M&A between the context and process variables in the PMI stage. The results of the analysis suggest a model that includes the unique characteristics of and relationship between source and recipient, knowledge integration mechanisms and the role of HR practices during the knowledge transfer process. Directions for future research are finally suggested."

"Despite the importance of knowledge sharing in competitive environments, there is a paucity of studies examining the relationship between employee knowledge sharing and work–family conflict. Drawing on insights from conservation of resources theory, this study investigated how employees may reduce their knowledge-sharing behaviors when they experience resources lost from work interference with family (WIF) or family interference with work (FIW). Furthermore, the role of supervisor support in the relationship among WIF, FIW and knowledge sharing was explored as a valuable resource. Using data collected from 159 employees in South Korea, we found support that WIF is negatively related to knowledge sharing. In addition, the role of supervisor support in the relationship among WIF, FIW and knowledge sharing was the strongest when WIF is low and FIW is high, thus supporting the hypothesized a three-way effect. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed."

"This paper describes a case study of a particular form of knowledge worker; lawyers, and their efforts to achieve collective bargaining. Within self-regulated professions like law, the professional regulatory body controls much of the labour process and defines the body of professional knowledge. Apprenticeships, such as clinical locums in medicine and articles in law, play an important role in the transfer of labour process norms. However, more and more professionals seek employment in large organizations where the autonomy historically enjoyed by the self-employed worker and crafted in the confines of mentorships is increasingly subject to bureaucratic and administrative controls. In large employment settings rules and policies may interfere with workers' exercise of professional discretion and full utilization of their knowledge. The result of the erosion of traditional labour process power under bureaucratic forms of organization leads professionals to seek alternate forms of control. Many turn to collective bargaining as a mean to wrest back control over the application of discretionary judgment from large, often public sector, employers.In the case of the legal profession in Canada, a great many lawyers are employed in the public sector. The subspecialty of criminal prosecution was broadly framed as a service private sector lawyers once provided on a fee-for-service basis, but until relatively recently it was not a distinct area of practice to which one dedicated a career. The regularization of prosecution in the public sector results in a strong sense of occupational community among public prosecutors. The forces of bureaucratic control and occupational community act together to support collective bargaining among professionals who otherwise have been opposed to this strategy, claiming it is “unprofessional”. "

"University research scientists epitomise knowledge workers who are positioned to avail of the employment conditions associated with ‘boundaryless careers'. Yet while employment flexibility has been hailed as a positive feature of knowledge work, relatively little is known about the forms such flexibility may take or its impact. This article considers the factors shaping the employment conditions of 40 research scientists working in five university research centres in Ireland. The findings suggest that, for knowledge workers such as research scientists, contract employment can deny them access to many of the employment conditions and opportunities that govern their long-term success as researchers."

"Knowledge workers are highly sought after to help organizations establish their competitive advantage. However, getting them to want to stay with an organization is a challenge indeed. Furthermore, with claims that they are different from traditional workers, it remains unclear as to what will influence them to want to stay. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine whether pay satisfaction and career management (opportunity for skill enhancement and mentoring relationship) can influence the level of affective commitment among knowledge workers. Data measuring the abovementioned variables was gathered from 350 respondents representing varied occupation to ensure representation of all levels of knowledge work. Findings indicate that the proposed factors significantly influence the level of affective commitment among knowledge workers engaged in low knowledge work category. For their counterparts involved in high knowledge work, these factors had minimal influence. This paper implies that organizations should refrain from employing generic strategies to improve affective commitment among knowledge workers. Instead, attention should be paid onto the level of knowledge work when selecting the appropriate strategy. This paper incorporated the micro-level characteristic of knowledge work to traditional relationship with emphasis on how different strategies appeal to different knowledge work categories."

"Knowledge-intensive firms (KIFs) have been the subject of growing interest from researchers. However, investigations into the comparative experiences of men and women in KIFs remain sparse, and little is known about women's participation in the processes of innovation and knowledge exchange and combination that are core features of KIFs. The article reports on the findings of a study in the UK and Ireland involving 498 male and female knowledge workers in KIFs. Despite equal levels of qualification and experience, women are more likely to be in lower status and less secure jobs. They also predominantly occupy roles featuring less variety and autonomy than men and, despite comparable levels of knowledge exchange and combination, are less likely to be in a position to translate this into the innovative work behaviours necessary for career advancement. The findings suggest that women's experiences of and participation in knowledge processes within KIFs differ fundamentally from men's."