Documents labour migration 79 results

"This paper models the effect of anti-poverty conditional cash transfer programs on labor migration. Their effect on migration depends on both the size and type of transfers. Conditional transfers, where the potential recipient has to comply with some requirement in order to qualify for eligibility, may decrease contemporaneous migration for some households, but increase future migration for others. In contrast, unconditional grants may increase current migration."

"The aim of this article is to discuss the problem of false (bogus) self-employment and other precarious forms of employment in the ‘grey area' between genuine self-employment and subordinate employment in Sweden. Why has this area developed in a longer and shorter perspective? How does the use of disguised and ambiguous forms of employment affect workers, industrial relations and regular labour standards? Examples are given from the construction, road haulage and cleaning industries. The article indicates that work in the grey area has become more and more common in recent years, not only in the context of east-west labour migration, but also among Swedish workers. The author also discusses this development."

"We extend the Dolado et?al. (1994) model to both inflows and outflows of migrants and assume that they have a human capital endowment that contributes to increase/decrease the stock of human capital in the receiving/sending economy. We derive the conditional convergence equation in which the impact of migration flows on the growth rate is disentangled in a pure quantity effect and in a quality or composition effect of immigration and emigration rates that accounts for the relative human capital endowment of migrants with respect to resident population. Next, we test the model with Italian regional data for the 1970–2005 time period. We find that the model provides a good explanation of the Italian experience. The quantity effect is negative for the immigration rate and positive for the emigration rate, whereas the composition effect is positive for immigration and negative for emigration. Finally, we separate the centre-north from the south and find that the composition effect of emigration is stronger for the latter. We interpret these results as a clear evidence of a brain drain from the Mezzogiorno to the centre-northern regions."

"The aim of this paper is to address the approach underpinning European Union policies that deal with the entry of non-EU migrant workers. It will define to what extent labour migration policies adopted by this international organisation and its member states are restrictive, or if preferences are shown when it comes to granting certain migrant workers authorisation to work. In short, its aim is to identify whether a model exists for channelling the interests of migrant workers in Europe. Within this framework, several measures for preventing irregular migration to Europe, already on the table, will be analysed. Finally, proposals will be made so that the European Union can achieve compliance with the UN Global Compact

L'objectif de ce document est de traiter de l'approche qui sous-tend les politiques de l'Union européenne relatives à l'entrée de travailleurs migrants. Cet article étudie les politiques sur les migrations de travail adoptées par l'UE et ses États membres, la manière dont elles peuvent être restrictives ou favoriser certains travailleurs migrants. L'objectif est de déterminer s›il existe un modèle permettant de canaliser les intérêts des travailleurs migrants en Europe. Dans ce cadre, plusieurs mesures de prévention des migrations irrégulières vers l'Europe seront analysées. Enfin, des propositions seront formulées afin que l'Union européenne puisse se conformer au Pacte mondial pour des migrations sûres, ordonnées et régulières. "

"There is considerable academic and policy interest in how immigrants fare in the labour market of their host economy. This research is situated within these debates and explores the nexus between migrant labour and segmented labour markets. Specifically the analysis focuses on East-Central Europeans in Britain: a sizeable cohort of largely economic and recent migrants. A large quantity of interviews with low-wage employers and recruiters is used to examine the role served by East-Central European migrant labour in the UK labour market, to question whether this function is distinct from conventional understandings of the function of migrant labour and to explore how employer practices and other processes ‘produce' these employment relations. Based on the findings from this approach, an argument is developed which contends that the ready availability of a well perceived cohort of migrant labour has sustained and extended flexible labour market structures towards the bottom end of the labour market."

"This paper outlines different methodological approaches to atypical and precarious work. Fafo has discussed such issues under the research programme ‘Tilknytningsformer' [Forms of affiliation in the labour market], in recent years. The paper is the product of a review of selected articles on the topic and a workshop organized in Oslo in December 2017 with researchers from the Nordic countries and the UK. At the workshop, we attempted to cover different ways of operationalizing some specific forms of atypical and precarious work. The aim of the paper is not to establish the share of precarious atypical work in any country, but to discuss different definitions and approaches to the issue."

"This article investigates the role of temporary work agencies (TWAs) at Foxconn's assembly plants in the Czech Republic. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, it shows TWAs' comprehensive management of migrant labour: recruitment and selection in the countries of origin; cross-border transportation, work and living arrangements in the country of destination; and return to the countries of origin during periods of low production. The article asks whether the distinctiveness of this specific mode of labour management can be understood adequately within the framework of existing theories on the temporary staffing industry. In approaching the staffing industry through the lens of migration labour analysis, the article reveals two key findings. Firstly, TWAs are creating new labour markets but do so by eroding workers' rights and enabling new modalities of exploitation. Secondly, the diversification of TWAs' roles and operations has transformed TWAs from intermediaries between capital and labour to enterprises in their own right."

"Germany and Denmark are among the world's largest exporters of meat products. Two decades ago their labour markets were similar, but since then they have diverged significantly. The industry in Denmark has maintained high wages and good working conditions, while in Germany there has been a rapid growth in precarious employment, with widespread use of subcontracted and posted migrant workers. We argue that the key explanation for this radical difference is the power position of the trade unions, which also affects how employers position themselves. We show how trade union power embedded in the local and sectoral industrial relations systems influences the wages and working conditions in German and Danish slaughterhouses."