Documents migrant worker 1 033 results

"This article examines the impact of fixed-term employment on subjective well-being among natives, migrants and refugees in Germany and the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. Utilizing longitudinal data from 2016 to 2021, we employ fixed-effects panel models and mediation analyses. We find that refugees experience stronger negative effects of fixed-term employment on their well-being than natives and migrants, especially shortly after their arrival. For migrants and natives, subjective job insecurity significantly mediates these effects, while it is less relevant for refugees. Our results indicate that it is essential to acknowledge the heterogeneous effects for vulnerable groups when studying the impact of fixed-term employment. During their integration process, refugees encounter complex labour market challenges which can pose threats to their subjective well-being. Therefore, we suggest engaging more in debates about non-standard forms of employment and taking aspects of the quality of employment into account when designing integration measures for this group."

This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

"Au début du 21ème siècle, les TMWP (programmes pour les travailleurs migrants temporaires) ont été créés et se sont développés dans de nombreux États développés, libéraux et industrialisés. Cet article examine les restrictions les plus problématiques en matière d'emploi et de droits sociaux des migrants, dans des pays d'accueil démocratiques libéraux. En examinant et en critiquant un certain nombre de propositions en vue de la refonte des TMWP, cet article de s'appuyer sur le compromis « Exit, Voice » dans les relations de travail des migrants pour envisager la refonte des principales caractéristiques des TMWP actuellement en cours."

"For over a decade, scholars have documented forced labour among low-wage migrant workers in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries such as Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Saudi Arabia (Blaydes, 2023; Fernando and Lodermeier, 2022; Iskander, 2021; Parreñas, 2021). A broad understanding within this literature is that among the root causes of this phenomenon in the GCC are abuses perpetrated during workers' recruitment from their home countries, such as extortionate fees, misinformation, and coercion. Recruitment is conducted by intermediary firms in workers' home countries, known as ‘recruiters' or ‘recruitment firms'. Eighty per cent of low-wage migrant workers in the GCC migrate through these channels (Mendoza, 2012).
Yet, despite the proliferation of this method, the scholarship on forced labour in the GCC contains few studies on recruitment and even fewer that include interviews with the recruiters themselves (Gardner, 2012; Kern and Müller-Böker, 2015). This gap in the literature is particularly notable since scholars of forced labour have renewed their focus on recruitment as a driver of forced labour of migrant workers globally (Crane et al., 2021; Crane and LeBaron, 2018), including as a structural feature of contemporary global capitalism (Crane and LeBaron, 2018; Mantouvalou, 2023; Shamir, 2012) and with colonial origins (Buckley et al., 2023; Iskander, 2021; Wright, 2021). Within this scholarship, a growing number of studies suggest that the recruitment of low-wage migrant workers should be understood as a ‘human supply chain', a concept developed by Jennifer Gordon as an analogy to product global value chains (GVCs) (Gordon, 2017; Buckley et al., 2023; Farbenblum and Nolan, 2020; LeBaron, 2020; Pittman, 2018; Hernández-León, 2021; Milkman, 2020).
According to this framing, employers are seen as lead firms at the top of the human supply chain, mirroring the portrayal of lead firms at the top of product supply chains within the GVC literature (Gordon, 2017). Empirical studies have shown that many product supply chains are, in fact, lead firm- or buyer-driven – meaning that the lead firm holds the greatest bargaining power, as well as the greatest ability to influence the terms of its contracts with suppliers (Gereffi, 2018)."

This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

"The growth of supply chains, which often entail elaborate national and international networks of subcontracting, have posed significant challenges for controlled occupational health and safety (OHS) hazards. This includes the growth of dependent forms of self-employed subcontracted work, temporary agency work, franchising and other non-employment work arrangements. There is also a growing informal sector (in agriculture and construction) relying on temporary or undocumented migrants."

"La croissance des chaînes d'approvisionnement, qui s'appuient souvent sur des réseaux nationaux et internationaux de sous-traitance complexes, impose des défis majeurs au contrôle des risques pour la santé et la sécurité au travail (SST). Elle s'accompagne d'un développement de formes subordonnées de travail indépendant en sous-traitance, du travail intérimaire, du franchisage et d'autres régimes de travail non salarié. On assiste également à la progression d'un secteur informel, reposant sur des travailleurs immigrés intérimaires ou non déclarés."

"Im April 2014 legten mehr als 40.000 Arbeiter und Arbeiterinnen des taiwanesischen Sportschuhherstellers Yue Yuen in Gaobu im südchinesischen Perlflussdelta, der Werkbank der Welt, die Produktion still. Der Streik ist Teil einer neuen Welle von industriellen Konflikten im aufstrebenden Industrieland China. Ältere Wanderarbeiter protestieren nun für eine Anerkennung ihrer Sozial- und Rentenversicherungsansprüche und zeigen die Grenzen der hyperflexiblen Billiglohnproduktion in China auf. Auf der Basis umfangreicher Feldforschung analysieren wir den Streik bei Yue Yuen. Wir zeigen, dass neben neuen Rahmenbedingungen (industrielle Transformation und wachsender Konkurrenzdruck im Perlflussdelta sowie die Antikorruptionskampagne der Kommunistischen Partei Chinas) die Abstiegsängste der älteren Beschäftigten für die Mobilisierung verantwortlich waren. Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass das Konfliktthema der Sozialleistungen einen nachhaltigen Einfluss auf die chinesischen Arbeitsbeziehungen haben wird, da nun der gesellschaftliche Druck zunimmt, auch die Arbeiter und Arbeiterinnen in der Exportindustrie besser abzusichern."

"So-called bogus – or false – self-employment has been increasingly highlighted as a problem within the European Union (EU), especially since the first eastern expansion in 2004. Although the concept is not fully clear in legal terms, a common denominator of most definitions is that bogus self-employment can be seen as ‘disguised employment', occurring when someone who has an employee status in practice is not classified as an employee, in order to hide the actual legal status and to avoid costs such as taxes and social security contributions. In the light of different welfare systems, industrial relations and EU legislation, this article discusses this issue, drawing empirically on findings from a project about precarious employment in twelve EU countries. Although there are some fairly strict definitions of the ‘employee concept' within the EU, the difficulties of identifying the employer leave the bogus self-employed in a legal limbo. No European Social Model has curtailed this problem, despite an expressed desire to address all aspects of precarious work. However, the inclusion of all ‘self-employed' workers within social insurance systems and workers with an employee status in practice seems possible also under existing EU regulations. It is rather a matter of goodwill and the resources to scrutinize the terms and conditions of employment."

"In this important volume, nine studies identify the complexities of protecting labour rights in a mobile global economy by assessing the role of ILO standards, as well as public, private, and public-private initiatives, in countering the potentially negative impact of international trade and investment flows on labour rights. The editor's powerfully summative introduction and conclusion pinpoint the crucial issues confronting labour law in this context, highlighting the need for policy coordination and coherence. Among the topics and issues raised in the book are the following:

empirical studies of migrant workers employed in global supply chains;

international recruitment intermediaries;

governance through hierarchy versus governance through networks;

trade sustainable impact assessments (SIAs);

the so-called governance triangle – the state, companies, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs);

corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives; and

the OECD's national contact points (NCPs).

Various authors focus on such features as the difficulties of monitoring labour conditions in a supply-chain system, the multiple forms of disadvantage often faced by supply-chain workers, enforcement and jurisdictional roadblocks, and pitfalls caused by prioritizing quantitative modelling at the expense of qualitative analysis. Authors and editors both offer recommendations on ways to not only hold multinationals responsible for the negative externalities of their actions but also provide building blocks for"

"This paper explores the recruitment strategies of employers in the Irish Celtic Tiger boom labour market. It explores Irish employers' turn towards immigrants rather than pursuing other strategies such as raising productivity or mobilising alternative sources of labour. It demonstrates that during the boom years a more casualised approach to recruitment was favoured, privileging soft skills and competencies above credentialised skills. Immigrants became the employees of choice, not least because of issues of costs and obedience, but also because they brought new skills, in particular soft skills. Indeed, employers in some sectors developed a categorical preference for migrant workers as they recruited for attitude, work ethic and potential."