Documents lymphodiagnosis 3 results

"The goal of this analysis was to determine the patterns of mortality among deceased workers of the former Uniroyal, Inc. Plant in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, who were exposed to solvents. After collecting information on cause of death, we conducted a standardized proportional mortality ratio (PMR) and proportional cancer mortality ratio (PCMR) analysis. The results of the PCMR analysis indicate that former Uniroyal workers experienced elevated mortality due to cancers, especially lymphohematopoietic cancers, compared to other Wisconsin decedents. The former workers and family members were pursuing litigation at the time of publication. We received the list of deceased workers from plaintiffs' attorney and were compensated for conducting the analysis; the funder did not directly participate in any part of the study or influence the results. We conclude there is evidence of excess lymphohematopoietic cancer in this worker cohort."

"Premature chromosome condensation (PCC) has importance among others in Down's syndrome and ataxia teleangiectasia, and in human neoplastic diseases. PCC can be induced by environmental chemical and physical genotoxic agents, as well as it can be used in the investigation of chromosome aberration formation during the cell cycle, and as a biological dosimeter for ionising irradiation. The published data suggest a significance of PCC in risk assessment. In order to investigate the significance of PCC in (cancer) risk assessment, we studied the chemical exposure-induced PCC frequencies in 400 Hungarian subjects including 188 control donors and 212 subjects occupationally exposed to different genotoxic chemicals, such as acrylonitrile (ACN) and/or dimethylformamide (DMF), benzene, cytostatic drugs, ethylene oxide (ETO), mixed exposure in rubber industry, mixed organic solvents including CCl4, hot oil mist, bitumen, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). Mitotic chromosomes were prepared by the standard methods and 100 metaphases per donor were scored. PCC data were compared with the obtained structural and numeric chromosome aberration frequencies. Here we present preliminary, chemical exposure-induced PCC frequency data. In the 101 controls nobody, while in the 87 industrial controls only 1 donor (0,01 %) had PCC. No PCC was found in oil mist exposure and among Adriamycin synthesisers. Similarly, no significant PCC increases were observed with benzene and polychlorinated biphenyl and mixed exposures, as well as in Adriamycin fermentators or hospital nurses exposed to ethylene oxide. Increased (P<0.05) PCC frequencies were observed in the following exposed groups: mixed industrial solvents (including aromatic solvents and CCl4), bitumen (PAH), acrylonitrile and dimethyl-formamide, and hospital nurses with cytostatic drugs. The results suggest that certain occupational exposures can increase the PCC frequency in human PBLs. The investigation of the significance of PCC in cancer risk assessment needs further studies which are in progress."

"The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of subtoxic exposure to pesticides causing chromosome aberrations in greenhouse workers.In a cross-sectional and prospective study design chromosome aberration frequencies in cultured lymphocytes were examined for 116 greenhouse workers exposed to a complex mixture of almost 50 insecticides, fungicides, and growth regulators and also for 29 nonsmoking, nonpesticide-exposed referents.The preseason frequencies of chromosome aberrations were slightly but not statistically significantly elevated for the greenhouse workers when they were compared with the referents. After a summer season of pesticide spraying in the greenhouses, the total frequencies of cells with chromosome aberrations were significantly higher than in the preseason samples (P=0.02) and also higher than for the referents (P=0.05). This finding was especially due to an increased number of cells with chromatid gaps between the first and second samples (P=0.001). The results may reflect an additive genotoxic effect of the spraying season, for which the use of insecticides and growth regulators (but not fungicides) culminates. The highest elevation in the risk of chromatid gaps was observed for persons who did not use gloves during re-entry activities such as nipping, cutting, pricking, and potting (risk ratio 2.88, 95% confidence interval 1.63-5.11). The present results suggest a genotoxic effect from a complex subtoxic occupational pesticide exposure. In general, the findings indicate the importance of personal protection, during high-exposure re-entry activities, in preventing pesticide uptake and genetic damage. ... "