Documents higher education 194 results

"College graduates tend to earn more than non-graduates but it is difficult to ascertain how much of this empirical association between wages and college degree is due to the causal effect of a college degree and how much is due to unobserved factors that influence both wages and education (e.g. ability). In this paper, I use the 1970 British Cohort Study to examine the college premium for people who have a similar ability level by using a restricted sample of people who are all college eligible but some never attend. Compared with using the full sample, restricting the sample to college-eligible reduces the return to college significantly using both regression and propensity score matching estimates. The finding suggests the importance of comparing individuals of similar ability levels when estimating the return to college."

"In The Great Brain Race, former U.S. News & World Report education editor Ben Wildavsky presents the first popular account of how international competition for the brightest minds is transforming the world of higher education--and why this revolution should be welcomed, not feared. Every year, nearly three million international students study outside of their home countries, a 40 percent increase since 1999. Newly created or expanded universities in China, India, and Saudi Arabia are competing with the likes of Harvard and Oxford for faculty, students, and research preeminence. Satellite campuses of Western universities are springing up from Abu Dhabi and Singapore to South Africa. Wildavsky shows that as international universities strive to become world-class, the new global education marketplace is providing more opportunities to more people than ever before.

Drawing on extensive reporting in China, India, the United States, Europe, and the Middle East, Wildavsky chronicles the unprecedented international mobility of students and faculty, the rapid spread of branch campuses, the growth of for-profit universities, and the remarkable international expansion of college rankings. Some university and government officials see the rise of worldwide academic competition as a threat, going so far as to limit student mobility or thwart cross-border university expansion. But Wildavsky argues that this scholarly marketplace is creating a new global meritocracy, one in which the spread of knowledge benefits everyone--both educationally and economically. In a new preface, Wildavsky discusses some of the notable developments in global higher education since the book was first published."

Depuis la seconde moitié du 20e siècle, les sociétés européennes se distinguent du reste du monde par leur haut degré d'interventionnisme étatique en matière de politique sociale. Les trois dernières décennies ont vu cette situation évoluer : le regain de mobilité internationale du capital et un discours économique dominant en faveur de la limitation du rôle de l'État dans l'économie ont commencé à éroder les bases de ces politiques sociales avec plus ou moins d'intensité selon les pays. La crise de 2008 a également provoqué une hausse brutale de l'endettement des États, des niveaux de chômage et de l'intensité de la spéculation financière. Ces évolutions modifient durablement les capacités de financement de l'État. La vague d'austérité qui en découle, sans précédent depuis la fin de la deuxième guerre mondiale, remet aujourd'hui fondamentalement en cause les « modèles » sociaux en Europe. Cet ouvrage examine les récentes évolutions des différentes composantes des modèles sociaux en Europe avant et pendant la crise. Contribuent à cette réflexion des scientifiques spécialistes des questions sociales, politiques ou économiques européennes, qui souhaitent offrir une approche résolument multidisciplinaire dans une perspective comparative européenne. Le livre donne au lecteur une vision pédagogique et exhaustive des différentes problématiques liées aux politiques sociales en Europe dans le contexte de la crise actuelle."