Documents census 11 results

"In our country the first population census was conducted in 1923. After World War II, the censuses were conducted every five years and after 1960, after every ten. The last census was in 2011. During this period, Albania has passed through three stages of demographic transition: before the liberation period, the natural increase in the population was low; during the dictatorial regime, the natural increase in the population was, conversely, very high due to various measures aiming at the stimulation of the birth rate and due also to a lower mortality rate; after 1990, with the onset of democracy, the fertility rate and the mortality rate have both decreased and, therefore, the natural increase in the population is again very low. In this situation, we have seen the significant patterns of influence that population growth has on migration, family planning, etc. This article explores the development of migration in the early years after the transition as Albania introduced an international labour market following half a century of isolation. "

"Based on the micro files of the Canadian Census we document an increasing earnings penalty for cohorts of immigrants arriving after the late-1970s, especially for the most recent cohort. We also find much quicker assimilation rates for these cohorts, especially for the most recent cohort. Since the late-1970s, the increasing earnings penalty dominated their more rapid assimilation, so that immigrants exhibited ever-deteriorating patterns of integration into the Canadian labour market. For the most recent cohort (2002–2006), this reversed itself, suggesting that the tide may have turned. We find this for both men and women. Our findings are robust across alternative regression specifications, as well as a sample that only considers full-time and full-year workers."

"This article investigates whether the increase in the labour force participation of mothers in western Germany has been accompanied by growing social inequalities in maternal employment. The focus is on education-related differences in full-time, part-time and marginal employment, and, in particular, changes therein over time. It is assumed that worsening labour market opportunities for the less educated and a ‘familialistic' social policy context have resulted in growing differentials in mothers' employment by education. Data from the scientific use files of the German micro-censuses for the years 1976 to 2004 show that the part-time and marginal employment rates of mothers have increased, while full-time employment rates have declined. Reductions in full-time employment are most pronounced among less educated mothers, resulting in growing educational differences in the employment of mothers. "