Documents export oriented industry 6 results

"The current global financial crisis has prompted researchers to revisit the export-oriented development models, known as the ‘Washington Consensus' paradigm, that have prevailed in East Asia during the past few decades. Host domestic markets have been generally neglected in the conceptual construct and empirical analysis of export-oriented development. Drawing upon the global production networks (GPNs) perspective, the study advances an evolutionary framework to shed light on the rising domestic market in China as emerging dynamics of regional transformation in contemporary economic globalization. The study is conducted based on updated investigations of the market rebalancing of transnational corporations (TNCs) in China, and particularly the Pearl River Delta (PRD), in response to the post-crisis global–local interaction. It argues that the institutional and network embeddedness of TNCs in the processing trade regime have hampered their ‘recoupling' with the domestic market and ‘decoupling' from external markets. Instead, a domestic market oriented production network is emerging, driven by strategic contract manufacturers through relocation to inland China. As a pilot attempt to articulate the domestic market in the GPN framework, this study urgesmore research to reflect the implications of the restructuring of GPNs and market reorientation of TNCs for reshaping regional trajectories in the post-Washington Consensus global economy."

"Entre 2003 et 2007, le monde a vécu une longue et vigoureuse phase d'expansion de la production et du commerce international. L'Allemagne est un des pays qui a le plus profité de cette conjoncture. Traditionnellement très ouverte, elle produit, grâce à ses PME industrielles, de nombreux biens répondant aux besoins des industries occidentales et du BRIC (Brésil, Russie, Inde et Chine). En termes macroéconomiques, la croissance allemande dépend depuis longtemps de l'excédent de son commerce extérieur et cette dépendance s'est encore renforcée ces dernières années, la demande intérieure n'enregistrant que de faibles progressions. Les réformes du marché du travail sous l'ère Schröder et la quête de rentabilité des entreprises ont encore accentué cette situation. Selon l'auteur, l'Allemagne est ainsi confrontée au choix suivant : laisser se développer une économie à deux vitesses - un secteur très florissant tourné vers l'exportation et un deuxième, tourné vers le marché intérieur et où les conditions sont plus précaires - ou redynamiser le marché intérieur via une amélioration de la redistribution des revenus."

"This paper develops a new framework for examining the distributional consequences of international trade that incorporates firm and worker heterogeneity, search and matching frictions in the labor market, and screening of workers by firms. Larger firms pay higher wages and exporters pay higher wages than non-exporters. The opening of trade enhances wage inequality and raises unemployment, but expected welfare gains are ensured if workers are risk neutral. And while wage inequality is larger in a trade equilibrium than in autarky, reductions of trade impediments can either raise or reduce wage inequality. "