Documents nuclear reactor 102 results

"The earthquake and tsunami in Japan on 11 March 2011 led to releases of radioactive material into the environment from the Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.
A major release of radioactivity to the environment is always of concern, owing to potential acute and long-term health effects. Evidence from historic events confirms that any major uncontrolled release of radiation should be cause for immediate response and scientific assessment of potential health effects.
When such an event occurs, the World Health Organization's mandate, as described in the Joint Radiation Emergency Management Plan of the International Organizations, is to assess and respond to public health risks.
The primary purpose of this health risk assessment of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident is to estimate its potential public health impact so that future health needs can be anticipated and public health actions can be taken. This assessment is based on a preliminary estimate of radiation doses, as described in a WHO report published in May 2012."

"El modelo de empresa-red constituye un desafío para los sistemas de relaciones laborales. Dicho modelo cuestiona el papel de las instituciones colectivas de trabajo, concebidas históricamente en el marco de una organización integrada verticalmente según el modelo fordista. En efecto, la empresa dispersa o el recurso a la subcontratación son contextos cada vez más habituales, en los cuales la organización del trabajo se encuentra disociada de la empresa en sentido jurídico y patrimonial, y donde se establecen relaciones de trabajo triangulares de facto entre empresa principal, empresa de servicios y trabajadores. La búsqueda de respuestas a esta problemática apunta a la reconstrucción de solidaridades entre los trabajadores, pasando por la acción de los representantes de los trabajadores. A partir de un estudio de casos llevado a cabo en dos industrias de flujo, la industria nuclear y la petroquímica, este artículo se propone analizar los efectos de la triangulación de la relación salarial a nivel de planta, y dos procesos experimentales de organización sindical y de negociación colectiva territorial que buscan dar respuesta a la problemática de la subcontratación. El artículo analiza los resultados y límites de dichas experiencias para reconstruir una “comunidad de trabajo” inclusiva de los trabajadores subcontratistas."

"Public concerns about the social and political implications of energy choices have found expression in the nuclear debate. The Three Mile Island accident, in its complexity and far-reaching consequences, served to focus criticism of nuclear power that had been building up for a decade. It revealed with striking clarity that technology is a social concept to be understood in terms of social and political relationships if it is to be brought under public control. The ramifications of the accident revealed the conceptual difficulties of assessing social risks and the political difficulties in managing them. This article draws examples from the Three Mile Island accident to review several characteristics of nuclear technology, its scale and costs, its complexity, its uncertain and unpredictable physical effects, and its indirect risks. It then explores the implications for social, political and administrative institutions as they grope for ways to manage the risks of nuclear power in the context of critical public scrutiny. Finally it identifies a range of issues calling for policy research."

"On March 11 in 2011, a huge tsunami struck the Tohoku area in Japan. The extensive damage to Fukushima Prefecture was further compounded by the severe accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). Specifically, the cooling system of the FDNPP was destroyed by the tsunami, leading to several explosions in the reactor buildings and subsequent massive diffusion of radioactive substances. The Japanese government decided to evacuate approximately 488?000 residents living within a 30?km radius of the FDNPP in the first 5?days after the accident. In spite of the gradual lifting of living restrictions within the evacuation zone, opinion surveys conducted by local governments showed that numerous former residents hesitated to return to their hometowns owing to fear of exposure to radioactivity, the delayed reconstruction and decontamination processes and unclear future of their hometown. For example, in Naraha, a municipality where the entire territory was placed under evacuation orders since 2011, the government recently lifted the living restriction. However, an opinion survey of evacuees conducted by the Naraha government office about the question of return revealed that only 8% wished to return as soon as possible. ..."'

"C'est la plus grande catastrophe nucléaire de ces trente dernières années. Le 11 mars 2011, à la suite d'un séisme et d'un tsunami d'une ampleur quasi inégalée, la centrale japonaise de Fukushima est hors de contrôle. Autour d'elle se crée une "zone interdite", contaminée par des rejets radioactifs très importants. Le jour même, François-Xavier Ménage est envoyé en tant que reporter au plus près de la catastrophe. Il retournera une dizaine de fois au Japon au cours des années suivantes, afin de saisir tous les rouages et les enjeux d'un accident dont les conséquences se font encore ressentir aujourd'hui. Ce livre retrace cinq ans d'un reportage saisissant. Auprès des "décontaminateurs", qui risquent leur vie pour neutraliser, parfois en vain, la radioactivité. Auprès des "kamikazes", ces habitants qui ont décidé de rester dans le périmètre dévasté, contre les recommandations des autorités. Auprès des antinucléaires. Auprès, aussi, des décideurs de l'époque, rongés par les regrets, qui évoquent mensonges et omissions, parfois au plus haut niveau de l'Etat... Autant de portraits qui permettent de mieux comprendre les répercussions d'un drame avant tout humain. Mais le débat se poursuit bien au-delà du Japon. Pourquoi la France est-elle pointée du doigt ? Comment l'hypothèse d'un accident similaire à celui de Fukushima est-elle évoquée par le gendarme du nucléaire ? Est-on vraiment à l'abri ?"