Documents damage 6 results

"Der Autor setzt sich kritisch mit der Entscheidung des BAG v. 26.7.2016 auseinander, in der dem Betreiber des Frankfurter Flughafens, Fraport, wegen eines – vermeintlich – die Friedenspflicht verletzenden rechtswidrigen Streiks dem Grunde nach ein Schadensersatzanspruch gegen die Gewerkschaft der Flugsicherung (GdF) zugesprochen wurde. Die Entscheidung vermag in mehrfacher Hinsicht nicht zu überzeugen. In Bezug auf den Inhalt der erweiterten Friedenspflicht lässt sie jede verfassungsrechtliche Fundierung vermissen. Ungestellt blieb die Frage, ob die sog. Rühreitheorie nicht einen unverhältnismäßigen Eingriff in das durch Art. 9 Abs. 3 GG gewährleistete Streikrecht darstellt; möglicherweise wäre dem Schutz des bestreikten AG ausreichend Rechnung getragen, wenn er die Rücknahme einer rechtswidrigen Forderung verlangen könnte. Die Verfassung hätte auch gefordert, der Frage nachzugehen, ob der Eingriff in das Grundrecht auf Streik nicht dadurch hätte vermieden werden können, dass man dem Fallen-Lassen der beiden umstr. Forderungen Rückwirkung beigemessen hätte. Bei der Beurteilung eines mitwirkenden Verschuldens von Fraport gem. § 254 BGB wurde zudem mit zweierlei Maß gemessen im Hinblick darauf, inwieweit die Rechtswidrigkeit des Streiks prognostizierbar war. Die Entscheidung bedarf deshalb einer verfassungsrechtlichen Überprüfung.
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The author deals critically with the Federal Labour Court ruling of July 26th 2016. The Court admits a claim for damages on its merits against the Gewerkschaft der Flugsicherung (GdF) in favor of Fraport, the operating company of the Frankfurt airport, on grounds of the assumed violation of the duty not to engage in industrial action by illegal strike. This ruling is not convincing in several aspects. Regarding the content of the extended duty not to engage in industrial action, a constitutional basis is missing. The ruling does not deal with the question whether the so-called scrambled eggs theory constitutes a disproportionate interference with the right to strike guaranteed by Art. 9 III GG. Maybe the employer who is subject to the dispute would be adequately protected, if he was able to ask for the illegal demand's withdrawal. Also, the decision does not deal with the question whether the interference with the right to strike could have been avoided by giving retrospective effect to abandoning the two controversial demands. The Court used two yardsticks concerning Fraport's contributory negligence concerning the predictability based on § 254 BGB regarding the strike's illegality. There is a compelling requirement for a thorough constitutional review"

"Loss and damage from climate change, recognized as a unique research and policy domain through the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) in 2013, has drawn increasing attention among climate scientists and policy makers. Labelled by some as the “third pillar” of the international climate regime—along with mitigation and adaptation—it has been suggested that loss and damage has the potential to catalyze important synergies with other international agendas, particularly sustainable development. However, the specific approaches to sustainable development that inform loss and damage research and how these approaches influence research outcomes and policy recommendations remain largely unexplored. We offer a systematic analysis of the assumptions of sustainable development that underpins loss and damage scholarship through a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed research on loss and damage. We demonstrate that the use of specific metrics, decision criteria, and policy prescriptions by loss and damage researchers and practitioners implies an unwitting adherence to different underlying theories of sustainable development, which in turn impact how loss and damage is conceptualized and applied. In addition to research and policy implications, our review suggests that assumptions about the aims of sustainable development determine how loss and damage is conceptualized, measured, and governed, and the human development approach currently represents the most advanced perspective on sustainable development and thus loss and damage. This review supports sustainable development as a coherent, comprehensive, and integrative framework for guiding further conceptual and empirical development of loss and damage scholarship."

"Existing climate-economy models use aggregate damage functions to model the effects of climate change. This approach assumes climate change has equal impacts on the productivity of firms that produce consumption and investment goods or services. We show the split between damage to consumption and investment productivity matters for the dynamic consequences of climate change. Drawing on the structural transformation literature, we develop a framework that incorporates heterogeneous climate damages. When investment is more vulnerable to climate, we find short-run consumption losses will be smaller than leading models with aggregate damage functions suggest, but long-run consumption losses will be larger. We quantify these effects for the climate damage from heat stress and find that accounting for heterogeneous damages increases the welfare cost of climate change by approximately 4 to 24 percent, depending on the discount factor."