Documents transition from school to work 198 results

"Informal jobs offer skill acquisition opportunities that may facilitate a future switch to formal employment for young workers. In this sense, informal training on the job may be a viable alternative to formal schooling in an economy with a large and diverse informal sector. In this paper, I investigate if these considerations are relevant for the schooling decisions of young individuals using panel data for 17 Latin American countries and micro-level data for Turkey. Specifically, I ask if the prevalence of informal jobs distorts schooling attainment. I concentrate on three measures of schooling outcomes: (1) secondary education enrollment rate; (2) out-of-school rate for lower secondary school; and (3) tertiary education graduation rate. I find that the secondary education enrollment rate is negatively correlated with the size of the informal economy, whereas the out-of-school rate is positively correlated. Moreover, the tertiary education graduation rates tend to fall as the informal employment opportunities increase. This means that informal training on the job may be crowding out school education in developing countries. Policies that can potentially affect the size of the informal sector should take into consideration these second-round effects on aggregate schooling outcomes."

"This study investigates whether young unemployed graduates who accept a job below their level of education accelerate or delay the transition into a job that matches their level of education. We adopt the Timing of Events approach to identify this dynamic treatment effect using monthly calendar data from a representative sample of Flemish (Belgian) youth who started searching for a job right after leaving formal education. We find that overeducation is a trap. By accepting a job for which one is overeducated rather than only accepting adequate job matches, monthly transition rates into adequate employment fall by 51–98%, depending on the elapsed unemployment duration. These findings challenge the career mobility thesis and imply that the short-term benefits of policies that generate quick transitions into employment must be traded-off against the long-term costs of an inadequate job match."

"Job competition between workers has important implications for “downgrading” and “bumping down”. To account for these phenomena, a matching model is considered in which highly educated and poorly educated workers compete for skilled jobs. An exogenous increase in the proportion of highly skilled workers increases the proportion of these workers in low-level jobs (downgrading). Another of the paper's findings is that changes in the composition of the workforce affect workers' opportunities to accumulate experience. An increase in the relative supply of highly educated workers reduces the opportunities for poorly educated workers to learn on the job. Both education and experience are required in order to access skilled jobs."

"This paper focuses on the employment of young people in Italy in a comparative perspective, starting with a survey of the policies adopted for addressing the chronic weakness of young people in the Italian labour market. It is argued that higher education can and should play a key role in improving the employability of those coming onto the labour market. The critical state of the Italian labour market is examined in relation to the proposals put forward in the White Paper on the Labour Market in October 2001, highlighting the importance of the links between secondary and higher education and the labour market, and the measures provided in the Biagi Law (Act no. 30/2003) and Legislative Decree no. 276/2003."

"In a period of expanding higher education, the field of study becomes a key determinant of university graduates' labour market success. In this paper, by means of multivariate analyses of the quality of graduates' early employment outcomes, we first describe how the effect of different fields of study on the university-to-work transition changed between 1995 and 2004 in Italy. Second, we put forward some alternative hypotheses to interpret the changes observed over time and assess which ones seem to be more consistent with the data."

"This article analyses the experiences of young people in the labour market today, looking at their economic activity, earnings and skills, using the UK's Labour Force Survey. It also looks at the family and household circumstances of young people using education research and the Annual Population Survey. What is clear from these analyses is the importance of considering education status when looking at the labour market activity of this age group, as many young people are in a period of transition between school and work. The decline of manufacturing and rise of employment in the service sector appears to have been significant. And the impact of parental attitudes to education and of family background should also be considered. Evidence suggests those young people who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) are considerably more likely to be living with one parent or in a household where no one is working."

"This study is focused on the transition from university to first job, taking into account the graduates' characteristics and the effects relating to degree subject. A large data set from a survey on job opportunities for the 1998 Italian graduates is used. The paper uses a non-parametric discrete-time single-risk model to study employment hazard. Alternative mixing distributions have also been used to account for unobserved heterogeneity. The results obtained indicate that there is evidence of positive duration dependence after a short initial period of negative duration dependence. In addition, a competing-risk model has been estimated to characterize transitions out of unemployment."