Documents just transition 295 results

"This policy brief presents ten key messages for designing and implementing a just green transition in the Nordic Region. Based on findings from the EnIGG and NJUST research projects (2021–2025), the policy brief summarises research and analysis on the social and regional impacts of climate policies, public perceptions, and political feasibility. It highlights the importance of fairness, inclusion, and place-based approaches to maintain public support and avoid reinforcing existing inequalities.

The ten key messages outlined in the policy brief include:

Climate worry outweighs green transition concerns across the Nordics
Many Nordic people expect the green transition to bring benefits
Climate communication should spark hope, especially among young people
Inclusive stakeholder engagement can improve climate policy design and public legitimacy
Emissions reductions are technically feasible but politically challenging
Perceived local and household impacts influence climate policy support
Survey results indicate public support for stronger climate action, even if it means higher taxes
Place-based policies are key to avoid deepening regional inequalities
Job quality and inclusive skills development are important to sustain public support
The Nordic Toolbox offers practical guidance for delivering a just green transition"

"Farmer protests have characterised much of the debate on climate and the environment in the EU in recent years. The protests and the European Commission′s subsequent rollback on environmental requirements for farming have cast doubt on the viability of the European Green Deal (EGD). Work on farms is inherently intertwined with nature. Climate change—through rising temperatures and extreme weather events—is already impacting working conditions. At the same time, agriculture is responsible for 11% of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU and is a major cause of biodiversity loss. Most research on the EGD has tended to focus on energy-related sectors, with comparatively less research on what it means for sectors like agriculture. This article applies a social law lens to legislation on agriculture in the EU and asks: what does the EGD mean for those who work in agriculture, and, to what extent is a just transition envisioned for the sector? The article is situated within a broader turn in labour law scholarship to examine the labour-nature nexus. It identifies social measures within the EGD, the Farm to Fork Strategy and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), with a focus on two disadvantaged groups: smallholder farmers and farmworkers. The article argues that there are elements of a just transition in current EU policies and legislation on agriculture, such as income support provisions, targeted measures for young farmers, and the introduction of a social conditionality clause. However, the social dimension of these instruments require further development to strengthen the connection between social concerns on the one hand, and economic and environmental concerns on the other. More fundamentally, the article points to a lack of a coherent vision of what a just transition in agriculture should entail—particularly in terms of its economic model and the position of those most affected, including smallholder farmers and farmworkers. This gap may help in explaining some of the underlying reasons for the farmer protests."

This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

"Indicator-based methods have long been used as assessment tools in relation to measuring and purportedly enabling sustainable transitions. Common limitations of indicator approaches are well documented in the literature, and include both technical issues related to data availability and the handling of complexity, and epistemological challenges such as the nature of trade-offs and risks associated with reductionism. Nevertheless, such methods remain popular due to their ability to convey complex information related to timely issues in a synthesised way to policy- and decision-makers. In light of this, and the burgeoning literature on indicators for a Circular Economy (CE), we aim to reflect on the extent to which such methods are suitable for engendering a transformative social and ecological transition to a just CE. To do so, we examine the broad literature on the limitations of indicator methods by considering an archetypal three step process of selection, framing, and implementation. As critical CE scholars keen to repoliticise CE by embedding principles of justice, we ask to what extent indicator methods serve our transformative purposes, and whether our stance towards such methods should be to do things better or different? Our answer to this is: both. Yet we emphasise the need to reconceive ‘better' as moving beyond fixes to technical problems to address more fundamental epistemological challenges and rethink the purpose of an indicator approach as not a technical tool, but a politicised artefact for shaping alternative narratives."

"Just transition prompts us to explore a number of important dimensions of Earth System Governance research, including sustainability transformations, inequality, power and justice. This Element aims to place just transition in the dynamics of the world political economy over the last several decades and to offer an overview of the varieties of just transitions based on an analytical scheme that focuses on their breadth (coverage), depth (social and ecological priorities) and ambition. The focus on breadth, depth and ambition centers on power, inequality and injustice and allows us to analyze and compare just transitions as a prerequisite for their fuller interpretation."

"The survey presented in this report reveals that Nordic citizens are concerned about climate change. Many people are willing to increase efforts to fight climate change, even if this entails a personal contribution in terms of higher taxes or behavioural change. The survey shows that different social groups perceive the impacts of climate change and climate mitigation policies in different ways. In general, attitudes towards climate policies and perceptions regarding their fairness are conditioned by socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, employment status, type of housing and transport behaviour."

"We study the impact of climate change mitigation policies intended to reach the Paris Agreement's two-degree target on the structure of European labour markets. Employing a three-sector macro-econometric model with a rich labour market extension, we show that the measures targeted at shrinking the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation and the road transport sector – both of which have an overall modest, positive impact on GDP and total employment – could make occupational structure less unequal and polarised in 2030, the target deadline. This could occur in more than half of the European Union's member states, particularly where the industries most affected by the transition to a low-carbon economy (i.e., mining and quarrying, utilities and manufacturing of coke and refined petroleum products) remain most important."

"Despite some progress, the Group of 7 (G7) have yet to act collectively to foster a low-carbon transition of their economies. This paper outlines such a strategy, which would also encourage other economies to follow suit. This strategy has three elements: fossil fuel pricing reforms; recycling revenues to fund green innovation and to offset any adverse income or employment impacts; and developing the proposed G7 Climate Club to promote compliance by other countries. This must be accompanied by comprehensive assistance to emerging market and developing economies to help accelerate their clean energy transition, facilitate their participation in the Climate Club, and attain climate, poverty and development goals."

"This paper explores whether economic viability is the key to achieve deep decarbonization or net zero emissions. The hypothesis tested is that popular support for decarbonization policies is conditional upon most people's belief that their economic well-being will improve, or at least not suffer with these policies. While GDP growth is the typical metric for economic health, a more useful socio-economic indicator for gauging the political viability of climate policies may be job creation. Specifically, the paper reviews the existing evidence about whether climate policies are more successful in achieving deep decarbonization in the long run if policy-makers include job creation as well as emissions reductions when designing and implementing climate policies, because, to date, climate policy-makers have often focused on emissions reductions as the primary criterion for policy choice. While empirical evidence remains thin, we find that job creation in low-carbon industries appears to lead to greater political support for the climate policies that contribute to decarbonization, but employment factors are not always the most salient factor in a voter's decision. We also find empirical evidence that clean energy deployment policies, such as feed-in tariffs, have led to significant net gains in employment in the countries that have been studied. The review points to several policy implications, including the need to assess competitive advantage, develop plans, design and execute industrial policy, and develop a low-carbon workforce."

"In 2022, Russia's invasion of Ukraine and weaponisation of Europe's gas supplies sparked an unprecedented energy crisis in the EU. This was made worse because the French nuclear fleet was partially shut down, and the summer droughts in the EU made it difficult to generate electricity from water.

This Policy Brief analyses how effectively the EU and its member states have aligned their actions in addressing the energy crisis with the strategic goals of the European Green Deal. It also reflects on the outlook and main challenges for the EU's clean energy transition and offers recommendations for the way forward."