Documents Nogarede, Justin 2 results

"Workplace compliance with existing data protection law appears poor. A variety of reasons explain poor compliance, including lack of legal clarity and under-resourcing of worker organisations (e.g., unions), data protection officers, and data protection authorities. This paper explores what social partners, governments and civil society organisations can do to improve data protection compliance at work, across the following major themes: 1. Existing data protection law provides a range of options for social partners and national governments that have thus far not been fully explored. These options, such as codes of conduct and certification schemes under Arts. 40 and 42 GDPR, could clarify matters that are as yet not fully clear in data protection law, and could improve compliance and reduce the enforcement burden on data protection authorities. 2. Member States should make use of Article 88 GDPR to enact national workplace data protection rules – and social partners and civil society organisations should encourage them to do so. Recent legal developments at EU level have clarified the requirements on national Article 88 laws. This creates an opportunity for Member States to improve legal clarity around application of existing data protection rules to the work context, provide additional substantive protections, and improve compliance and enforcement. 3. Technical experts can assist unions and data protection authorities in auditing algorithmic systems. The complexity and opacity of work-related data processing systems and practices has created a need for technical insight and expertise in assessing whether those systems and practices comply with applicable law. 4. Strategic litigation can help address legal uncertainties and provide financial deterrents against non-compliance. Such litigation has proved fruitful in the area of consumer data processing; its potential should be assessed in the area of work-related data processing as well. This paper elaborates on these themes, providing specific examples and references to relevant literature where appropriate."

"The political debate on European strategic autonomy (ESA) has gained new momentum with Russia's invasion of Ukraine, as the repercussions of this war have raised fundamental questions about the EU's leverage over and dependence on other countries. The main idea behind the concept of ESA is the EU's ability and means to enhance its freedom from a set of external dependencies – and also to enhance its freedom to conduct its policy autonomously and in line with its fundamental values and interests. Yet does the EU have the capacity and agency to set priorities and make decisions autonomously in its external action? What are political, institutional, and material steps needed to achieve strategic autonomy? "