Documents Levaï, David 3 results

"Assuming it is adopted, the EU will need to translate into action its new EU long-term strategy for a GHG neutral European economy in 2050. The Clean Energy Package (CEP) was an important step forward for EU climate policy, but the Commission's draft long-term strategy highlights the need for Europe to put in place the enabling conditions for deep and fundamental transformation of key emitting sectors of the economy. Translating the EU's long-term strategy into action also means engaging more deeply with the different opportunities, challenges and conditions to unlock specific challenges faced by individual Member States or sub-national regions. A common European approach to decarbonisation and common legislative tools are of course needed. However, the EU must also work harder to integrate the diversity of national opportunities and challenges that stems from the unique circumstances of each Member State into a common vision of the pathways to GHG neutrality. In the short and medium term, the EU will also need to revise its NDC by 2020 and again, more fundamentally, by 2025. This is essential both for EU's own policies to be consistent with its 2050 goals. It is also essential to help maintain international momentum behind the Paris Agreement."

"L'industrie européenne devant s'acquitter d'un paiement pour ses émissions de carbone dans le cadre du système d'échange de quotas d'émissions de l'UE (SEQE-UE) se trouve pénalisée face à des concurrents internationaux ne subissant pas la même contrainte. Une mesure d'ajustement (l'instauration d'un mécanisme d'ajustement carbone aux frontières, MACF) permettrait de rétablir une juste concurrence. Toutefois, le dossier est politiquement sensible sur la scène internationale, dans les négociations commerciales et environnementales, où l'UE s'expose à une double critique de protectionnisme et d'action unilatérale. L'accueil politique dépendra des narratifs que l'UE et ses États membres auront su imposer vis à vis de leurs partenaires, et de l'écoute dont ils auront su faire preuve (et qui pourra influencer les compromis de design) afin d'éviter un sentiment de « fait accompli ». L'enjeu dépasse le seul dossier de l'ajustement carbone pour englober l'ensemble de la politique commerciale de l'UE, sa politique de développement, ainsi que son rôle dans l'Accord de Paris sur le climat. "

"The existing literature investigating the labor market impact of immigration assumes, implicitly or explicitly, that the law or labor regulation is exogenous to immigration. To test this assumption, we build a novel workers' protection measure based on 36 labor law variables that capture labor regulation over a sample of 70 developed and developing countries from 1970 to 2010. Exploiting a dynamic panel setting using both internal and external instruments, we establish a new result: immigrants' norms and experience of labor regulation influence the evolution of host countries labor law regulation. This effect is particularly strong for two components of workers' protection: worker representation laws and employment forms laws. Our main results are consistent with suggestive evidence on the transmission of preferences from migrants to their offspring (vertical transmission), and from migrants to natives or local political parties (horizontal transmission). Finally, we find that the size of the immigrant population per se has a small and negligible impact on host country labor market regulation."