Documents Voos, Paula B. 5 results

"In cases involving unionization of graduate student research and teaching assistants at private U.S. universities, the National Labor Relations Board has, at times, denied collective bargaining rights on the presumption that unionization would harm faculty-student relations and academic freedom. Using survey data collected from PhD students in five academic disciplines across eight public U.S. universities, the authors compare represented and non-represented graduate student employees in terms of faculty-student relations, academic freedom, and pay. Unionization does not have the presumed negative effect on student outcomes, and in some cases has a positive effect. Union-represented graduate student employees report higher levels of personal and professional support, unionized graduate student employees fare better on pay, and unionized and nonunionized students report similar perceptions of academic freedom. These findings suggest that potential harm to faculty-student relationships and academic freedom should not continue to serve as bases for the denial of collective bargaining rights to graduate student employees."

In the 1990s, a dominant consensus has been established among industrial relations scholars in the United States regarding the effects of high performance work systems on productivity and firm performance. High performance work systems result in economically meaningful improvements in efficiency and profitability, particularly when they are implemented in an integrated fashion that gives workers significant responsibility and authority to make decisions, provides the needed skills to those workers, and simultaneously gives them appropriate incentives for solving problems. The article reviews the research base for this view, along with challenges to and criticisms of it. One conclusion is that more focus on the effect of these systems on employees is needed. While some recent studies find positive effects on compensation and job security, others are less sanguine, particularly for certain types of employees. The article ends with an overview of how U.S. union policy debates have evolved with increased experience with these work systems. "

"Two well-documented empirical findings are that unionized employees typically receive substantially higher compensation than their non-union counterparts and that union representation in the United States has declined over time. Some observers have hypothesized a causal link between these two phenomena: the achievement of a union wage premium, they argue, hastened union decline by inducing employers to adopt various union avoidance strategies. Using data from the Current Population Survey and the Census Bureau's Census of Construction, the authors test this hypothesis for the construction industry. Even in estimations that allow for a lagged response and incorporate a variety of controls, they find no evidence that high union/nonunion wage ratios in construction in the 1970s or 1980s resulted in lower union membership in 2000"