Documents Plasman, Robert 26 results

"The book begins with a study of the supply side of female labour (development of activity rates according to age, family situation and levels of educational attainment). Supply does not generate its own demand on the labour market and even if women's employment has increased, it is still concentrated in some sectors of activity, and it often does not have the same quality as men's employment (women are overrepresented in atypical employment such as part-time, temporary and flexible-hour working). The book checks to what extent directives and national legislation are being implemented. It also looks at unemployment - with a section devoted to the very recent unemployment in the five new Lander of Germany. Finally, it evaluates women's participation in general unemployment policies and the effect of measures taken towards equal opportunities."

"Using a rich and comparable micro-data set, we analyse international differences in gender pay gaps in the private sector for a sample of five European economies: Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Using different methods, we examine how wage structure, differences in the distribution of measured characteristics, occupational and industrial segregation contribute to explain the pattern of international differences. Furthermore, we take into account indirect discrimination influencing female occupational and industrial distributions. We find significant impacts of those latter factors on gender differentials. However, the magnitude of their effects varies across countries."

"This study analyses the interaction between inter-industry wage differentials and the gender wage gap in six European countries using a unique harmonised matched employer-employee data set, the 1995 European Structure of Earnings Survey. Findings show the existence of significant inter-industry wage differentials in all countries for both sexes. While their structure is quite similar for men and women and across countries, their dispersion is significantly larger in countries with decentralised bargaining. These differentials are significantly and positively correlated with industry profitability. The magnitude of this correlation, however, is lower in countries with centralised and coordinated collective bargaining. Further results show that in all countries more than 80% of the gender wage gaps within industries are statistically significant. Yet, industries having the highest and the lowest gender wage gaps vary substantially across European countries. Finally, results indicate that industry effects explain between 0 and 29% of the overall gender wage gap."

"Les salariés d'une même entreprise ont tendance à comparer leurs salaires. L'ampleur de la dispersion salariale au sein d'une firme est susceptible par ailleurs d'avoir un impact sur le niveau d'effort fourni par chaque travailleur. La structure de rémunération au sein de la firme serait ainsi de nature à influencer sa performance. Les auteurs présentent ici une synthèse de la littérature sur la relation entre dispersion salariale et performance. A l'aide de travaux théoriques et empiriques, ils soulignent que ce lien est loin d'être univoque. La dispersion salariale peut en effet exercer un impact à la fois positif et négatif sur la performance de l'entreprise."