Documents Münz, Rainer 5 results

"In spite of high levels of unemployment across Europe, labour market shortages persist in a number of sectors and are likely to become more acute in the coming years as Europe's workforce shrinks as a consequence of demographic change. The EPC's Task Force on Temporary and Circular Migration investigated whether temporary and circular migration policies are part of the solution to sustaining Europe's economic and social models in the future. This Working Paper, written principally by Sheena McLoughlin and Rainer Münz with contributions from Rudolf Bünte, Göran Hultin, Wolfgang Müller and Ronald Skeldon, is the culmination of the year-long discussions within the multi-stakeholder Task Force. The paper makes a number of recommendations to policy-makers who are considering temporary/circular migration policies, presenting both the challenges (e.g. need to prevent exploitation of migrants, need to incentivise return to countries of origin) and the opportunities (e.g. the potential for development in countries of origin)."

"This paper discusses the size of Europe's migrant population, its demographic structure, and the socio-economic position of migrants. The European Labor Force Survey (LFS) as well as Eurostat, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and United Nation (UN) migration data are used as the main databases. In most sections of the paper the geographic unit of analysis is European Union (EU15) as the so-called old EU Member States are home or host some 94 percent of all migrants and some 97 percent of all legal foreign residents living in EU27. But general information on stocks of international migrants and recent migration flows are given for all countries of Western, Central and South-Eastern Europe. In this paper the criterion place of birth is used to distinguish between foreign-born vs. native-born residents of the EU. At the same time the paper looks into differences by citizenship comparing EU nationals vs. legal foreign residents. This exercise shows both lower employment rates, higher unemployment and the concentration of immigrants and foreign nationals from middle- and low-income countries in certain sectors of the economy and in low-pay jobs. In this context Europe has to consider pro-active migration policies and measures to identify future labor and skills gaps. In the medium- and long-term the EU and its member states will have to compete with other OECD countries for attractive potential migrants. In this context Europe has a genuine incentive to compare its efforts and experiences with those of traditional countries of immigration-in particular with the US, Canada and Australia. And Europe should develop a genuine interest in becoming both more attractive for highly skilled migrants as well as more inclusive towards all employable migrants."