Documents Kittel, Bernhard 9 results

"According to the unified theory, higher unemployment in Europe as compared to the United States is caused by higher wage rigidity, which, in turn, results from more "inflexible" labor market institutions. Focusing on wage coordination, the empirical analysis shows that the variety of bargaining patterns across European countries and during the period1971to 1998contradicts a simple U.S.-Europe juxtaposition. Although some countries have to cope with excessive wage growth, many others do not trigger higher average wage growth and some coordination forms even show better performance than the United States. Secondly, contrary to the contention of rigidity, the labor market actors in most European countries are responsive to the performance of their bargaining system; they tend to adapt their system if wages seem to overshoot. Hence, the rigidity of Europe thesis does not hold in a more detailed cross-national and long-term analysis of institutional changes in wage bargaining."

"This article examines the relationship between public administration regimes and market economy models in 20 member countries from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Building on Pollitt and Bouckaert's (2004) description of politico-administrative regimes, we compile a data set of cross-national public administration indicators to explore public employment and politico-administrative regulation. Our explorative statistical analysis identifies three distinct public administration regimes: an Anglo-American, a French/German and a Scandinavian regime. The Anglo-American and French/German regimes show, especially with regard to public employment regulation, a high degree of institutional coherence with the co-ordination rules applying to the market economy. Findings for the Scandinavian administration regime do not support the institutional coherence argument, which leads us to conclude that the legal origin of a country may play an important role in linking and synchronizing the mode of regulation in the public and private spheres of the political economy. "

"Wie wirken sich Arbeitslosigkeit und Kurzarbeit während und nach dem Covid-19-Lockdown auf psychische Gesundheit aus? Ausgehend von einer Theorie der latenten Deprivation wird die Verknüpfung zwischen Erwerbsverläufen und psychischem Wohlbefinden zwischen Ende März 2020 und Mitte Juli 2020 untersucht. Datengrundlage der Analyse ist das Austrian Corona Panel Project (ACPP) mit 1.500 Befragten pro Welle. Die Befunde unserer Untersuchungen zeigen, dass Arbeitslosigkeit sich signifikant und negativ auf psychisches Wohlbefinden auswirkt. Insgesamt stützen die Ergebnisse die Hypothese, dass die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie und die politischen Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Pandemie einen nachhaltigen Effekt auf das psychische Wohlbefinden für von Arbeitslosigkeit Betroffene hatten."