Documents tunnelling 11 results

"Les accidents graves survenus dans les tunnels routiers dans les années 2000 ont mis en évidence des risques spécifiques et des enjeux concernant la gestion de la sécurité. L'objectif de cet article est de comprendre en quoi et comment la relève de poste est un lieu de gestion de la sécurité et de construction du collectif. Partant d'une analyse des communications de relève des opérateurs d'un poste de commande de tunnel, nous montrons que la relève est un lieu de transmission d'expérience, de gestion dynamique de la sécurité, et de construction du collectif."

"Authors examined 51 tunnel-miners because of suspicion of hand-arm vibration syndrome. Vibration measurements were also performed on the drilling hammer used by the workers. The acceleration of the vibration exceeded 2.5–3.5 times the maximum allowable level according to the guideline ISO 5349. Symptoms and signs referring to hand-arm vibration syndrome were found in 42 cases. (82.3%). X-ray alterations of bones and joints were detected in 28 patients (54.9%). In addition of degenerative changes (25 cases; 49%) also aseptic necroses were rather frequent (8 cases; 15.7%). Vascular damage was shown in 27 patients (54.0%), but peripheral neurological injury in 18/37 cases (48.6%). The rather common occurrence of damages of bones and joints and tunnel syndromes respectively can be explained probably in additon to the vibration also by the high physical stress required by this profession."

"Background.
"Safe Workplace" - a simplified and educational version of the Finnish building construction methodology involving safety walkarounds where a number of safety indicators are inspected and evaluated - is in widespread use in the Danish construction sector to evaluate physical safety standards proactively at construction work sites.
Methods. Data from the construction of the Copenhagen Metro were analyzed to determine the method's ability to predict injury risk related to joint responsibilities and individual worker responsibilities.
Results. A statistically significant association between the risk level as measured by the Safe Workplace methodology and injury risk was found. The relative risk of injury increased with the number of safety indicators violated and was elevated for safety indicators reflecting both individual and joint safety responsibility. The observed injury risk was not elevated in the post-safety walkaround period for safety indicators of individual responsibility, but the joint responsibility indicators retained an elevated injury risk level.
Conclusions. The data support the hypothesis that safety walkarounds both predict and prevent injuries. Safety indicators of individual responsibility are more likely to be corrected than those of joint responsibility."

"Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of disability pension among workers engaged in the construction of the Øresund Link or the Copenhagen Metro, representing high levels of safety management.Methods. The study subjects (n = 1,808) were followed for disability retirement. Age standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated and compared with SIRs of disability pension established in a previous study of workers engaged in the construction of the Great Belt Link (N = 5,882), representing a low level of safety management.Results. Compared with all economically active men, the age SIR of disability retirement was 2.22 (95% CI = 1.61, 2.98) among the study subjects and 2.29 (95% CI = 1.9, 2.67) among workers at the Great Belt Link.Conclusion. No significant progress was found in the incidence of disability pension among the study subjects despite substantial improvements in safety management compared with the Great Belt Link."

"Le volume aborde les différents aspects de la souffrance et des accidents au travail, ainsi que leur prix en vie humaine. Il y est notamment question de la chimie bâloise, du chantier du tunnel du Gothard et de l'usine à gaz genevoise. C'est un thème pour lequel, en Suisse particulièrement, les historiens ont encore du pain sur la planche. C'est aussi un thème pour lequel le passé et le présent se font largement écho. Souffrir et mourir de son travail semble ainsi relever d'une sorte de fatalité qui devrait nous interroger. Mais c'est aussi un phénomène qui est en train de changer de nature. En relation avec le travail, la maladie ou la mort prennent parfois des aspects différents, retardés de plusieurs décennies avec l'exposition à l'amiante, moins évidents et reconnus avec ces nouvelles souffrances psychologiques qui découlent de la rationalisation du travail et de l'idéologie ultra-libérale."