Documents toxic substances 183 results

"La crise de l'amiante a en partie libéré la critique syndicale à l'endroit des substances toxiques que les travailleurs manipulent ou inhalent. Cet article souligne néanmoins les limites de cette dynamique, en étudiant les modalités selon lesquelles les syndicats recourent à la science pour dénoncer les dangers d'autres toxiques professionnels depuis une quinzaine d'années. Pour cela, il analyse les mobilisations syndicales françaises en faveur de l'interdiction des éthers de glycol, solvants soupçonnés d'être toxiques pour les fonctions de reproduction. En comparant les controverses qui ont entouré ces substances en France et aux Etats-Unis, il montre comment le travail étiologique que mènent les organisations de travailleurs pour faire reconnaître des liens causaux entre travail et santé se trouve fortement modelé par des contraintes d'ordre juridique, politique et économique propres à chacun des pays étudiés."

Beryllium is a steel-grey, brittle metal, existing naturally only as the 9Be isotope. Its compounds are divalent. Beryllium has several unique properties. It is the lightest of all solid and chemically-stable substances, with an unusually high melting point, specific heat, heat of fusion, and strength-to-weight ratio. It has excellent electrical and thermal conductivities. Because of its low atomic number, beryllium is very permeable to X-rays. Its nuclear properties include the breaking, scattering, and reflecting of neutrons, as well as the emission of neutrons on alpha-bombardment.

"A detailed evaluation of the principles and methods currently used to explore the association between exposure to chemicals and the development of adverse neurobehavioural changes. Emphasis is placed on the use of animals as systems to model and predict adverse reactions in the human nervous system.
The book has five sections. The first deals with general factors to be considered in the design of neurotoxicity studies and in the statistical analysis of their results. Experience acquired in the recent outbreaks of poisoning from methyl mercury and carbon disulfide are used to demonstrate both the importance of evaluating the neurotoxicity of chemicals and the power of animal studies to predict human responses. The remaining sections provide extensive information on methods developed in each of the four major research disciplines that contribute to the neurotoxic assessment of environmental chemicals. "

"A practical and thorough guide to the early recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of occupational diseases. Since many of these diseases are reversible when treated promptly, the book concentrates on information that can help physicians recognize the specific biochemical, morphological, and functional changes that precede the appearance of manifest signs and symptoms. Preventive measures that can be applied to the work environment are also considered. The most extensive part of the book sets forth practical guidelines for the early detection and control of 28 occupational diseases classified according to the hazardous substances or conditions that cause them. Clinical information includes details on the best methods for assessing exposure, signs and symptoms associated with various stages of impairment or disease, relationships between exposure levels and clinical effects, prognosis, differential diagnosis, and individual differences in susceptibility. The book also features seven chapters organized according to the main organs and systems affected by occupational diseases. Each chapter presents information on the most common occupational disorders affecting the organ or system, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, and the most appropriate clinical examinations and tests for early detection of impairment"